sormadan

paylaşmadan

they follow vowel harmony.

sarılmadan ---> ı ---> a       [ without hugging]

korumadan ---> u ---> a     [ without protecting]

koşmadan -----> o ---> a    [ without running ]

thanks Tunci. I was not sure because the Adverbial clause lesson on this site does not mention that they follow VH. But I know they do now.

Rica ederim Mavili.. Well, there is only two option in this case ;

meden ---> e, i ,ü , ö ----> e

madan ----> a, ı, u, o ----> a

so we better call it "special harmony "  in it

bir şey söylemeden lets analise this

bir is adjective

şey is noun

bir şey is adjective phrase

söyle(mek) to say

meden is without

söylemeden is adverb

This adverb also has an indefinite object. It is "bir şey".

So "bir şey söylemeden" means "without saying anything".

Thank you Gokuyum! Very detailed explanation, which I usually need. 

Can I ask about another part in this exercise? How about when there is an adjective but appears to be given an aorist tense? -er/-ar

In the little story its used this way;

"Az sonra onlara birer tabak sıcak su ikram eder."

Edit; And I had been thinking that I could start figuring out how to translate in case one day I want to read a storybook thats in Turkish. 

The word ´birer´ has nothing to do with aorist tense.

birer means ´one at a time, one each

birer birer means ´one by one´

ikişer means ´two each, two apiece´

ikişer ikişer means ´two by two, in pairs´

thanks Henry, Ok I will have to remember that. Guess I should have figured that tense isn´t added to "bir"  That and make sure to check words that Im not sure of to see if they are words with a suffix or already true as they are.

"İhtiyar oyuncakçının hayatta üzüldüğü tek şey bir çocuğunun olmamasıymış."

´The only thing (tek şey) in the old toy maker´s life (ihtiyar oyuncakçının hayatta) that made him sad (üzüldüğü) was that he didn´t have a child (bir çocuğunun olmamasıymış).´

The -dik- participle doesn´t have a tense of its own. The tense is written in the predicate verb, in this case ol|ma|ma|sı|ymış = verb stem + negation + infinitive marker + possessive suffix sg 3rd + inferential tense marker (imiş). The inferential (which is also called the -miş-past) is often used in stories instead of -di-past. It´s a past anyway. So, the answer to your question is that üzüldüğü, adapting itself to the tense of the predicate verb also  refers to the past.

Thank you Abla for the complete explanation. I couldn´t tell how to break down -olmamasıymış. But I see now how but I never would have figured it to be "he didn´t have" because of the combination of Olmak and the 3rd person possesive -si, unless someone told me. I hope I can get more exposure to that combination to be more familiar with it. 

And I know that -miş is used for stories and fairy tales but I hope soon I can do other kinds of so ı can practice with -di simple past also.

I found a nice site which you might like, Mavili: http://www.herkesemasal.com.