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the - man [-men] suffix in Turkish
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10. |
27 Sep 2011 Tue 02:57 pm |
This suffix -man [-men] makes some verbs nouns. [note ; not all verbs, some verbs ! ]
The Formula is ;
Verb stem + man [men] according to vowel harmony
Danışmak ---> To counsult, to advice ---- Danışman ---> Consultant, adviser
Öğretmek ---> To teach ------ Öğretmen ---> Teacher
Eğitmek -----> To educate ---- Eğitmen -----> Educater
Göçmek ------> To immigrate ---> Göçmen ---> Immigrant
Seçmek -------> To choose, to elect,to vote -----> Seçmen ----> Voter [in elections]
Yönetmek ------> To manage, to direct ------> Yönetmen -----> Director [ in films]
Şişmek ---------> To swell, to get fat ------> Şişman --------> Fat
Saymak ----------> To count -------> Sayman -----> Accountant
Except for şişman, these are new inventions as a result of language reform. But it´s actually an effort of imitating English -man suffix.
snowman, showman, salesman etc.
As for şişman, it may be another suffix for noun stems.
şiş-man
deliş-men
köle-men
koca-man
Türk-men
ata-man
etc.
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11. |
27 Sep 2011 Tue 03:36 pm |
The Suffix -MSI [-ımsı, -imsi, -umsu, ümsü ]
This suffix comes especially to the end of colors and gives them the meaning of "likeness"
beyaz [white ] ----> beyazımsı [whitesh]
kırmızı [ red ] ------> kırmızımsı [ reddish ]
sarı [yellow ] -----> sarımsı [ yellowish ]
siyah [black] -------> siyahımsı [ blackish ]
pembe [ pink ] ------> pembemsi [ pinky,pinkish]
yeşil [green] --------> yeşilimsi [greenish ]
mor [ purple ] -------> morumsu [ purpleish]
mavi [blue] ----------> mavimsi [ blueish ]
* The suffix -msı also comes to some other words to give them "likeness " "littleness " such as ;
acı [bitter,hot] -----> acımsı [ bitterish , bit bitter ]
tatlı [sweet] --------> tatlımsı [ sweetish , bit sweet ]
ekşi [sour] -----------> ekşimsi [ sourish ]
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12. |
27 Sep 2011 Tue 10:06 pm |
The suffix " leyin "
This suffix doesnt follow vowel harmony. It creates time adverbs from nouns.
Note ; this suffix doesnt apply for all time words [month,week..] !
Sabah [morning] ----> Sabahleyin [ in the morning ]
Öğlen [afternoon] ----> Öğlenleyin [ in the afternoon, at noon]
Akşam [ evening ] ----> Akşamleyin [ in the evening ]
Gece [ night ] ------> Geceleyin [ in the night , at night ]
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13. |
29 Sep 2011 Thu 12:21 pm |
The suffix -k [-ak,-ek]
This suffix turn many verbs into noun and adjective forms.
FORMULA ;
VERB STEM + -k [-ak,-ek]
Korkmak = to fear -----> Korkak ----> coward
Dilemek = to wish -----> Dilek -------> wish
Kapamak = to close ----> Kapak -----> lid, cover
Yatmak = to sleep ------> Yatak -----> bed
Edited (9/29/2011) by tunci
Edited (9/29/2011) by tunci
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14. |
29 Sep 2011 Thu 01:07 pm |
The suffix -k [-ak,-ek]
This suffix turn many verbs into noun and adjective forms.
FORMULA ;
VERB STEM + -k [-ak,-ek]
Korkmak = to fear -----> Korkak ----> coward
Dilemek = to wish -----> Dilek -------> wish
Kapamak = to close ----> Kapak -----> lid, cover
Yatmak = to sleep ------> Yatak -----> bed
-k and -ak/-ek are not the same suffix.
For example:
Dilek: Dile-k
and
Yatak: yat-ak
Yatık: yat-ık
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15. |
29 Sep 2011 Thu 01:13 pm |
Bileşik zamanlı formlar ve "ol" yardımcı fiili ;
[ Compound tense forms and the auxiliary "ol-" ]
Git - miş ol - acağ - ız ---> Gitmiş olacağız
Go - informed past be - Future - person [we]
We will have gone
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Dinlen -- iyor ol -- malı --- sınız ---> Dinleniyor olmalısınız.
Rest -- Cont.Tense be -- neces. -- you [plural]
You must be resting.
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Bitir ---- miş ol ---- ur ------- sun ------> Bitirmiş olursun.
Finish -- informed past be ---Aorist tense-- Person [you]
You´ll have finished.
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16. |
29 Sep 2011 Thu 01:23 pm |
-k and -ak/-ek are not the same suffix.
For example:
Dilek: Dile-k
and
Yatak: yat-ak
Yatık: yat-ık
-k comes when the verb stem ends with vowel [ Dile + k ]
-ak,ek comes when the verb stem ends with consonant [ Yat + ak, dön + ek ]
therefore they are same.
the suffixes "ık,ik,uk,ük " are bit different, they make verb stem into more like adjectives.
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17. |
29 Sep 2011 Thu 01:42 pm |
the suffixes "ık,ik,uk,ük " make verb stems into more like adjectives
bitmek = to finish ----> bitik [exhausted,worn out]
yanmak = to burn -----> yanık [ burnt ]
solmak = to fade ------> soluk [ faded,pale ]
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18. |
29 Sep 2011 Thu 01:52 pm |
-k comes when the verb stem ends with vowel [ Dile + k ]
-ak,ek comes when the verb stem ends with consonant [ Yat + ak, dön + ek ]
therefore they are same.
the suffixes "ık,ik,uk,ük " are bit different, they make verb stem into more like adjectives.
Nope! Nope! Nope!
Check a grammar book. Or if you say you have a grammar book and if it is telling what you say. Tell us its name. I´m curious.
My grammar book lists -ek and -(i)k separately.
They are not the same suffixes.
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19. |
29 Sep 2011 Thu 02:06 pm |
Nope! Nope! Nope!
Check a grammar book. Or if you say you have a grammar book and if it is telling what you say. Tell us its name. I´m curious.
My grammar book lists -ek and -(i)k separately.
They are not the same suffixes.
Yep ! Yep ! Yep !
we are saying the same things...of course -[e]k and [i]k, [ı]k, [u]k, [ü]k are listed seperately however -k [-[a]k,-[e]k] are same in that respect [its all to do with verb stem ending with vowel or consonant ]
Edited (9/29/2011) by tunci
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20. |
29 Sep 2011 Thu 02:25 pm |
Loving this break down of common suffixes I also am glad you think of helpful topics like this. I will be refering back to it alot I am sure. Could I request something as well? If you think its relavent, will you also explain the suffixes -erak/-arak which have to do with "gerunds of state" or something. Pretty please?
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