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Using the verb \"istemek\" as conjunction
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1.       tunci
7149 posts
 05 Dec 2011 Mon 09:06 pm

 

The stem of the verb "İstemek" can work as conjunction when ;

1. we take it´s stem "iste" and

2. add the aorist tense suffix " r " in the end [3.singular person]

3.  repeat it twice

a. It can conjuct actions ;

ister.......... ister  -----> whether ............or

[benimle] ister gel ister gelme , oraya gideceğim.

[whether you come with me or not , I will [still] go there ]

 

ister gitsin ister gitmesin , umurumda bile değil.

whether he/she goes [leaves] or not , I dont even care.

 

-----------------------------------------------------

b. It can conjunct subjects

 İster sen git, ister ben. ---> whether you go or me.

 İster o gitsin , ister ben, bir şey farketmez --> whether he goes or me, it doesnt matter.

----------------------------------------------------- 

c. It can conjunct  the objects  ;

  İster evi, ister arabayı alalım ---> whether we buy the house or the car.

-----------------------------------------------------

d. It can conjunct the locative words ;

  İster sinemaya ister tiyatroya gidelim.--->Whether we go to the cinema or the theather.

-----------------------------------------------------

e. It can conjunct the adverbial clauses ;

   İster ağlayarak ister gülerek gel. ---> Whether come[ by] crying or [by] smiling.

----------------------------------------------------

 

 

 

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2.       tunci
7149 posts
 05 Dec 2011 Mon 09:43 pm

 

Using the verb " gel [gel+gel+elim]" as conjunction.

 

1. Take the stem of the verb "gel"

2. Repeat it twice "gelgel"

3. Add "elim" [command-request]

---------- gelgelelim----------------> its like "however", "but".

 

Bu şehrin çok eski tarihi binaları ve anıtları var. Gelgelelim sokakları çok kirli.

[ This city has very old,historic buildings and statues However [but] it´s streets are very dirty.]

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Baklava çok lezzetli bir tatlıdır. Gelgelelim yapması zordur.

[ Baklava is a very delicious desert. However [but] to make it is difficult. [its difficult to make it] ]

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3.       tunci
7149 posts
 05 Dec 2011 Mon 10:00 pm

 

Using the word " Ne var " as conjunction by adding the "ki" conjunction.

1. Ne = what

2. Ne var = what´s the matter, what ?

3. Ne var ki = But , However

As you see the transformation as we add words and suffix.

Ne var ki = But, However.

-----------------------------------------------------------------

İki saattir onlara bunu anlatmaya çalıştım. Ne var ki hiçbiri beni dinlemedi. 

I tried to explain them this for 2 hours but [however] none of them listened to me.

-----------------------------------------------------------------

1 yıldır Türkçe öğreniyorum. Ne var ki cümle kurmakta hala zorlanıyorum.

I have been learning Turkish for a year now. But [however] I have still having difficulty in making sentence]

-----------------------------------------------------------------

 

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4.       tunci
7149 posts
 06 Dec 2011 Tue 03:31 pm

 

Repetitions in Adverbs

/+Dan ... +A/ FORM

---------------------------

First part of adverb takes ablative -dan,den

Second part of adverb takes dative -e,a

---------------------------

a. the ones with organ names ;

Ağız à mouth ----à Ağız + dan Ağız + a

Ağızdan ağıza -à from mouth to mouth

Ağızdan ağıza dolaşan bir haber var bu sıralar.

Nowadays there is a news that travels from mouth -to- mouth. [by rumor]

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Kulak à Ear ----à Kulak + dan [ “d” changes into “t” ] kulak + a

Kulaktan kulağa - from ear to ear

Kulaktan kulağa yayılan bu dedikodu sonunda bize ulaştı.

This gossip that spread from ear to ear finally reached us.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

b. the ones with time words ;

Yıl à year ---à Yıl + dan yıl + a

Yıldan yıla --à Year after year, Year by year.

Yıldan yıla yaşlanıyoruz.

We are getting old year by year. [each passing year]

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Gün à Day ----à Gün + den gün + e

Günden güne --à Day by day

Günden güne zayıflıyorlar.

Day by day they are losing weight.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

c. the ones with various words ;

İç à inside ---à

iç + den [“d” changes into “t”] iç + e

İçten içe ---à sneakingly, inwardly, secretly

Onu içtene kıskanıyordu.

She was feeling jealousy of her/him sneakingly.[inwardly,secretly]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

ık à Open ---àık + dan [“d” changes into “t”] açık

[ “k” changes into “

ğ” ] + a

 

ıktan açığa -à Openly, publicly

We can give the same example ;

Onu açıktanığa kıskanıyordu.

She was feeling jealousy of her/him openly.

 



Edited (12/6/2011) by tunci

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5.       tunci
7149 posts
 09 Dec 2011 Fri 02:35 pm

 

REPEATING THE VERB

As you do it; As keep doing it

Verb stem + e[a]+ Repeating the Stem + e[a]

---------------------------------------

Gitmek = to go

Git [stem] + e + git[ repeating] + e

Gide gide [ “t” changes into “d”]

Gide gide kursa alışacaksın.

[you will get used to it [course] as

you go [as you keep attending to it ]

-----------------------------------------

Tekrar et -à to repeat

Tekrar et + e + et + e[“t” changes into “d”]

[Verb stem] + e + et[repeating auxiliary]+ e

Tekrar ede ede ögreneceksin

[you will learn as you repeat]

[as you keep repeating,you will

eventually learn]

------------------------------------------

İçmek - to drink

İç + e + iç + e

Su içe e karnım şişti.

[ As I kept drunk water, my belly bloated]

------------------------------------------

Negative Form ;

We just add “me,ma” to the stem.

Verb stem +ma[me][y] e [a]+ Repeating Stem +

ma [me]+ [y] e [a]

İç + me + y + e + iç + me +y+e

Su içmeye içmeye ağzım kurudu.

As I didn’t drink water[for awhile], my mouth got dry.

-------------------------------------------

Konuşmak - to talk, to speak

Konuş + ma + y + a + konuş + ma

Konuşmaya konuşmaya Türkçeyi unuttum.

[I forgot Turkish as I didn’t speak it.]

-------------------------------------------

 



Edited (12/9/2011) by tunci
Edited (12/9/2011) by tunci [typing error]
Edited (12/9/2011) by tunci

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6.       tunci
7149 posts
 09 Dec 2011 Fri 03:47 pm

 

                                      "- Ip Dur" Construction

 Verb Stem + ip,ıp,up,üp + dur + tense + person -----------> to keep on doing ...

In past tense;

 iç + ip + dur + du + lar ---> They kept [on] drinking

içip durdular  ---> They kept on drinking.

----------------------------------------------

In present progressive tense;

Gül = to smile 

Gül + üp + dur + uyor ---> She/He keeps laughing.

Gülüp duruyor.

-----------------------------------------------

In future tense ;

Rahatsız et = to disturb

Rahatsız et + ip + dur + acak

Biliyorum. Orada beni rahatsız edip duracak.

I know that He/She will keep disturbing me there.

----------------------------------------------

Negative  form;

We just add "ma" onto the "dur"

Konuş = to talk

Konuşup durma ---> Dont keep on talking.

Bana şaka yapıp durma ---> Dont keep kidding me.

 

 

 

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7.       tunci
7149 posts
 09 Dec 2011 Fri 08:18 pm

 

 The suffix "[y] DI" sometimes used with present and future question forms to give more politeness.

 

By adding "[y]dı" into the question suffix [mI] , we make the statement more polite

 

-------------------mı,mi,mu,mü  + y + dı,di,du,dü + person

Ateşiniz var mı ? ---> Do you have a fire [lighter] ?

Ateşiniz var mıydı ? ---> Do you have a fire [lighter] please ?

 ---------------------------------------------------------------

Çay içer misiniz ? ---> Would you drink tea ?

Çay içer miydiniz ? --> Would you drink tea ? [more polite]

 --------------------------------------------------------------

Postane nerede ? ---> Where is the post office.

Postane neredeydi ? ---> Where is the post office [politer way ]

--------------------------------------------------------------

Nereye gideceksiniz ? ---> Where are you going to go ?

Nereye gidecektiniz ? ----> Where are you going to go ?[ more polite way]

          gidecek + di + niz

--------------------------------------------------------------

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8.       tunci
7149 posts
 09 Dec 2011 Fri 09:23 pm

 

Past tense "mIş" sometimes is used to express the result of actions that we notice later on.

uyumak = to sleep

Çok uyudum = I slept alot.

Çok uyumuşum = I must have slept alot as I have now noticed it. [ For example in the case of when i got up , I looked at clock and I noticed that I have been sleeping for 10 hours]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Çok yedim ---> I ate alot.

Çok yemişim ---> I have noticed that I ate alot. [ I must have eaten alot as I feel uncomfortable.]

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Yoruldum ---> I got tired.

Yorulmuşum ---> I now noticed that I got tired  [since I feel weak,exhausted ]

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Köyden uzaklaşmışız --> We must have gone away from the village [without noticing] [as we cant recognize around ]

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

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9.       tunci
7149 posts
 09 Dec 2011 Fri 10:09 pm

 

In some other contexts the "mIş " has another function that is "Surprise !"

Aaa Zeynep gelmiş !  ---> Ah look Zeyneb is here too ! . [ Look ! Zeyneb also came ! ]

Aaa kim gelmiş ! -->  Hey who is here !

Aaa bak , baklava da varmış ! --> Ah look we have baklava ! [ Look ! there is baklava !]

Aman Allahım ne kadar güzelmiş ! --> O my God how beautiful it is !

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10.       insallah
1277 posts
 09 Dec 2011 Fri 10:14 pm

hmmm it didnt post first time

 

I said. ... I have only just seen these posts. Thanks they are very useful. Many new points for me



Edited (12/9/2011) by insallah

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11.       tunci
7149 posts
 10 Dec 2011 Sat 12:24 am

 

 "mIş" is also used in Narratives ,myths,tales...etc..

- Bir varmış bir yokmuş ---> Literally ; There was one and none [ Once upon a time ]

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Uzak bir ülkede bir kral yaşarmış ---> There was a king living in a far country.

Kralın bir oğlu varmış ----> The king had a son.

Bir gün canı sıkılmış, düşmüş yollara ... --> One day he got bored and set on a journey...

Yolda bir yaşlı bir adama rastlamış ---> In his way ,he came across an old man.

Yaşlı adam kralın oğlunu tanıyamamış ---> The old man couldnt recognize the king´s son.

......................... VE masal burada bitmiş --> And the tale [story] Ended here..

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12.       Henry
2604 posts
 10 Dec 2011 Sat 12:42 am

 

Quoting tunci

 

 "mIş" is also used in Narratives ,myths,tales...etc..

- Bir varmış bir yokmuş ---> Literally ; There was one and none [ Once upon a time ]

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Uzak bir ülkede bir kral yaşarmış ---> There (once) was a king living in a far country.

Kralın bir oğlu varmış ----> The king had a son.

Bir gün canı sıkılmış, düşmüş yollara ... --> One day he got bored and set on a journey...

Yolda bir yaşlı bir adama rastlamış ---> On his way, he came across an old man.

Yaşlı adam kralın oğlunu tanıyamamış ---> The old man couldn´t recognize the king´s son.

......................... VE masal burada bitmiş --> And the tale [story] Ended here..

 

Thanks Tunci, I made one small correction to the English.

 

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13.       tunci
7149 posts
 10 Dec 2011 Sat 12:44 am

 

Quoting Henry

 

 

Thanks Tunci, I made one small correction to the English.

 

 

 Eyvallah Henry  !

14.       Henry
2604 posts
 10 Dec 2011 Sat 12:49 am

on his way = whilst travelling / on his trip / during his journey

in his way = (something) blocking his path / something he must go around

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15.       tunci
7149 posts
 10 Dec 2011 Sat 02:34 am

 

Changing the "context" of sentences with " mIş " by adding words.

 

1. Duydum ki , Mehmet o kitabı okumuş --> I heard that Mehmet read that book.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. Sanki [Sanırım] Mehmet o kitabı okumuş gibi--->

   He sounds like he[mehmet] read that book. [ I guess he read that book, I have a feeling that Mehmet read that book]

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. Güya [Sanki] Mehmet o kitabı okumuş ! ---> As if Mehmet read that book. [he is asking me if I read that book while he never read it ]

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4. Belli ki Mehmet o kitabı okumuş --> It is obvious that Mehmet had read that book.

                                                     You can tell that Mehmet had read that book.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

                                                   

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16.       tunci
7149 posts
 10 Dec 2011 Sat 11:38 am

 

"ki"  sometimes used as " so that "

Gel ki gidebileyim ---> Come so that I can go.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Bol bol pratik yap ki Türkçe konuşabilesin ---> Do plenty of practice so that you could speak Turkish

Bol bol pratik yap ki Tükçe konuşasın ----> Do plenty of practice so that you could speak Turkish

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Benimle konuş ki derdini anlayayım.[anlayabileyim] ---> Talk to me so that I could understand your problem.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Biletini erkenden ayırt ki daha ucuza alabilesin[alasın] ---> Book your ticket earlier so that you can get it cheaper.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

First sentence [here the verb in stem form + person] + ki + Verb stem + abil,ebil + person

 Gel                     +                                ki       git             ebil   eyim,ayım [ I]

                                                                                        "     esin [you]

                                                                                        "     sin [he,she,it]

                                                                                        "     elim  [we]

                                                                                        "     siniz [you plr] 

                                                                                        "    sinler [they]

       alternatively ---------------->                     git              e     + y + i + m

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Gidelim ki gelsinler ---> Lets[let us] go so that they could come

   "           gelebilsinler

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Gitsin ki gelelim ----> Let him/her go so that we could come.

   "        gelebilelim

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Gitsinler ki gelelim  ----> Let them go so that we could come.

     "           gelebilelim

 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Başkalarını sev ki sevilesin --->  [you] Love others so that you could be loved.

                       [sevilebilesin]

                          

                  

                                                                                 

 

 

 



Edited (12/10/2011) by tunci [added]
Edited (12/10/2011) by tunci

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17.       tunci
7149 posts
 10 Dec 2011 Sat 12:13 pm

 

- DI  ............ - ALI [ELİ]  FORM ;

When this suffix form added to Verb stem, it makes the statement as " Ever since........"

Verb stem + dı,di + person      +      Repeating Stem + eli,alı

  Git           + ti    + n               +          git               +  eli

[Sen] Gittin gideli ---> Ever since you´ve gone....

Sen gittin gideli gözüme uyku girmedi ---> Ever since you´ve gone, I had no sleep.

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Bu şehre taşınm  taşınalı..... ---> Ever since I moved into this city.....

Bu şehre taşınm taşınalı sinemaya gitmedim ----> Ever since I moved into this city I didnt go to the cinema.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

O haberi duydum duyalı çok kötüyüm ----> I feel bad ever since I heard that news.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

 

 

 

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18.       tunci
7149 posts
 10 Dec 2011 Sat 12:58 pm

 

"ki" in some cases , is used as "because....." when it is added in the end of a reply to a question.

Note : The reply sentence usually in Negative form. [me,ma [past t],mı,mi, mu, mü[p.prog.t] ]

1. The question  ---> Niye sessizsin = why are you quite ?

2. Reply  ----------=>  Sen konuşmuyorsun ki   =   Cus [because] you dont talk [to me].

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Neden İstanbul´a gelmedin ? ---> Why didnt you come to İstanbul ?

2. Beni davet etmedin ki . -----> Cus you didnt invite me [there].

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Neden çay içmiyorsun ? ---> Why are you not drinking tea ?

2. Hiç sormadın ki [hiç teklif etmedin ki] ---> Cus you never asked me .

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Bana niye ismimle hitap etmiyorsun ? ---> Why are not calling me by my name ?

2. Seni hiç tanıyorum ki ------> Cus I dont know you at all.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 

 1. Neden evlilik teklifimi kabul etmiyorsun ? ---> Why are you not accepting my marriage proposal ?

2. Seni henüz iyi tanıyorum ki ---> Cus I don´t know you well yet.

                                                  



Edited (12/10/2011) by tunci

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19.       Abla
3648 posts
 10 Dec 2011 Sat 03:03 pm

I like the thread, tunci. This is the kind of information I have been missing.

20.       tunci
7149 posts
 10 Dec 2011 Sat 09:31 pm

 

- mAz Oldu  Form ;

With negative aorist tense [mAz] with oldu expresses the action,event ceased to happen.

        Verb stem + maz,mez + oldu + person

Sen gelmez oldun. ---> You stopped coming. [ You used to come but you stopped coming]

O artık bana selam vermez oldu ---> He/She stopped greeting [saying hello to] me.

Onlar bir süredir çay içmez oldular ---> They stopped drinking tea for a while.

Son zamanlarda birbirimizi görmez olduk ---> Lately , we, for some reason unable [stopped] to see eachother.



Edited (12/10/2011) by tunci

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21.       tunci
7149 posts
 10 Dec 2011 Sat 10:24 pm

 

                          [a,e,ı,i,u,ü] r  Oldu   Form ;

The positive aorist form with oldu expresses that the event has began to happen more often or becoming habit.

iç + er  + ol + du

Son zamanlarda çay içer oldu ---> He/She has started drinking tea nowadays. 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Bu günlerde seninle sık sık görüşür oldu ---> Nowadays , he/she started seeing you more often.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Bu günlerde çok sık sinemaya gider oldun --->You are going to cinema quite often nowadays  [It´s started becoming habit with you ]

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Artık sigarayı az içer oldun --> You happen to smoke less.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                                           

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22.       tunci
7149 posts
 11 Dec 2011 Sun 12:39 am

 

                             ----------gibi  durmak  form ;

                - seem like to be , looking like to be [to do]

................gibi dur + tense [usually p.progressive] + person

* It has to be in the end of the statement.

* we cant use as " sounds like " as we need to witness or see the person ,thing or action that we use it for.

 

Üzgün gibi duruyor. ---> He/She seems[looks] to be sad [upset,down].

Üzgün gibi duruyorsun ---> You seem[look] to be sad.

Partide Üzgün gibi duruyordun---> You looked like sad at the party.

-------------------------------------------------------------------

Buraya daha önce gelmemiş gibi duruyorsun---> You seem like you havent been here before.

-------------------------------------------------------------------

Kalbi kırılmış gibi duruyor ---> He/She seems like her /his heart is broken.

-------------------------------------------------------------------

Aslan her an saldıracakmış gibi duruyor ---> The lion looks like it is gonna attack any time.

-------------------------------------------------------------------

 

 

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23.       tunci
7149 posts
 11 Dec 2011 Sun 09:39 pm

 

In some cases the particle "ile" [with] works as conjunction "ve" [and] ;

 

Ankara ile İstanbul arası kaç saattir ? ---> How long [how many hours] it takes between Ankara and İstanbul ?

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Ahmetle Mehmet buradalar. ---> Ahmet and Mehmet are here.

Ahmet + ile + Mehmet burada[lar].

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

O Türkçe´yle Arapça biliyor ---> He/She knows Turkish and Arabic.

Türkçe + y [buffer] + ile + Arapça

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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24.       tunci
7149 posts
 12 Dec 2011 Mon 03:24 pm

 

Sometimes we see vowel Epenthesis[adding sound into a word]

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Bir = One

Bir + i +cik [Biricik]à Only, unique, well beloved

------------------

Dar = Narrow

Dar + a + cık [Daracık] -> Very narrow, very tight

------------------

Az = Little

Az + ı + cık [Azıcık]à Very little,

------------------

Genç = Young

Genç + e +cik [Gencecik] à Very young.

------------------

into some words with one syllable suffix.

 1.

 

When some of one syllabled words such as bir,dar,az,genç takes the

diminutive suffix -cık,cik,cuk,cük.

2.

 

The extra sound [vowel] goes into between the word and the diminutive

 

some of words with one syllable.



Edited (12/12/2011) by tunci

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25.       tunci
7149 posts
 12 Dec 2011 Mon 08:06 pm

 

 "Liaison " [Ulama] in Turkish ;

a. when a word ends with a consonant = ekmek, almak , evden

b. and if the following word ends with a vowel ;

  then two words are read as if they are one word.

Bir ekmek almak için evden çıktı.

 Birekmekalmakkiçinevden çıktı.

---------------------------------------------------------------

 Important Note * = If there is any punctuation marks we cant read those words that way. In other words there shouldnt be any punctuation marks between words for "liason" [ulama].



Edited (12/12/2011) by tunci [added]

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26.       tunci
7149 posts
 12 Dec 2011 Mon 10:01 pm

 

"ki" as relative clitic pronoun ;

senin = your

seninki = yours

Ali´nin = Ali´s

Ali´ninki = The one that is owned by Ali

Benim elim kanıyor, Ali´nin eli de kanıyor ---> My hand is bleeding, Ali´s hand bleeding too.

//         //        //, Alininki de kanıyor --> Ali´s bleeding too.

Çayım nerede ? = where is my tea ?

Seninki burada = yours is here [your tea is here]

Benimki nerede ? = where is mine ?

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

Note : "Ki" is attached to genitive suffix.

 

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27.       tunci
7149 posts
 12 Dec 2011 Mon 10:55 pm

 

"ki" as constructive suffix ;

This "ki" is attached to nouns that turns them into adjectives that express time or place.

- Bu yıl = This year

  Bu yıl + ki = Bu yılki sınav --> This year´s exam.

------------------------------------------------

  Note : * this "ki" has some "kü" forms ;

  Dün = Yesterday

  Dün = Yesterday´s

  Dün film = Yesterday´s film.

------------------------------------------------

  Masa = Table

  Masada = On the table

  Masadaki[ler] = The one[ones] on the table

  Masadaki kitaplar = The books that are on the table

------------------------------------------------

  Duvar = Wall

  Duvarda = On the table

  Duvardaki = The one on the table

  Duvardaki saat = The watch that is on the wall.

------------------------------------------------

 

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28.       Henry
2604 posts
 12 Dec 2011 Mon 11:31 pm

 

Quoting tunci

  Duvar = Wall

  Duvarda = On the wall

  Duvardaki = The one on the wall

  Duvardaki saat = The clock that is on the wall.

 

Tunci, you must be getting tired. Smile

 

29.       tunci
7149 posts
 12 Dec 2011 Mon 11:44 pm

 

Quoting Henry

 

 

Tunci, you must be getting tired. Smile

 

 

 Sağol Henry. May be I´m getting bit tired..

30.       tunci
7149 posts
 13 Dec 2011 Tue 01:14 am

 

In Turkish , when "n" comes just before "b" , the "n" changes into "m" ;

Çenber  ---> Çember

Tenbel ----> Tembel

Çarşanba ---> Çarşamba

------------------------------------------------------------------------

* Note that this rule doesnt apply to Compound words and Proper Nouns such as ;

- Sonbahar,

- İstanbul

- Safranbolu

 

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31.       tunci
7149 posts
 13 Dec 2011 Tue 01:31 am

 

Vowel Narrowing ;

When Verb Stems ends with wide vowels [a,e] and takes -yor suffix [proggressive tense], the wide vowels are replaced with narrow vowels [ı,i,u,ü].

 

ağla -yor ----> ağlıyor

söyle - yor ---> söylüyor

bekle - yor ----> bekliyor

de - yor -------> diyor

ye - yor -------> yiyor

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32.       tunci
7149 posts
 13 Dec 2011 Tue 02:25 am

Consonant Softening ;

When a suffix starts with a vowel comes after a word that ends with [p,ç,t,k] hard consonants; the hard consonants turn into the soft consonants [b,c,d,g/ğ].

p --------> b

ç --------> c

t --------> d

k --------> g/ğ

 

kitap + ı ---> kitabı

ağaç + a ---> ağaca

---------------------

renk + i ------> rengi

--------------------

bebek + i ----> bebeği

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Exceptions ;

This doesnt apply to the some words ;

a. Majority of one syllable words.

tank + ı --> tankı

tek + i ---> teki

***********************

b. In loanwords [foreign origin words]

millet + i ---> milleti

cumhuriyet + e ---> cumhuriyete

hukuk + un ----> hukukun

sanat + a ----> sanata

**********************

c. In Proper Nouns it is applied in Verbal, but it is not applied in writing

Ahmein

Zonguldak´a

Sevinç´e

 



Edited (12/13/2011) by tunci
Edited (12/13/2011) by tunci

Moha-ios, Donkeyoaty and nifrtity liked this message
33.       tunci
7149 posts
 14 Dec 2011 Wed 08:14 pm

 

bile - even,already

This is additive connective which means "even, already" , and it

- Ben bile bunu yapamam ---> Even I can not do this.

- Mektubu gönderdim bile --> I already sent the letter.

- Ev bile almış ---> He/She even bought a house.

- Sigarayı bıraktım bile ---> I already quit smoking.

 

Moha-ios liked this message
34.       tunci
7149 posts
 14 Dec 2011 Wed 08:47 pm

 

Sometimes adjectival  phrases which are parts of indefinite noun phrases can be placed in the position following the predicate.

 

*Masada bir kalemim vardı ucu kırık.

I had a pen on the table , which its end broken.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

* Bu bahçede bir çiçek vardır hoş kokulu.

There is a flower in this garden which is odorous.[which has beautiful smell]

----------------------------------------------------------------------

* Okulda bir kız vardı melek yüzlü.

There was a girl at school who had an angel face. [angelic face]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

* Bu mahallede bir ev vardı yeşil boyalı.

There was a house in this neighbourhood which its painted in green. [in green]

------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

35.       tunci
7149 posts
 15 Dec 2011 Thu 02:21 pm

 

Most of the time Loan Words breaks the rules of Vowel Harmony.

Masum

Kalem

Lobi 

Mürâcaat

Tesekkür

Vilayet

etc.....

 

 

Moha-ios liked this message
36.       tunci
7149 posts
 15 Dec 2011 Thu 04:25 pm

 

There are some Nouns that are derived from Verbs by taking -Ga,-Gı. 

            [ Deverbal Nominal ]

Verb stem + Ge,Ga, Gı, Gi,Gu,Gü

 

Bil [to know] + ge = [Bilge] --> Wise [person]

Al [to take] + gı = [Algı] -----> Sense, feeling

Gör [to see] + gü = [Görgü] ---> Good manners

Sev [to love] + gi = [Sevgi] ----> Love,affection

Der [ to gather] + gi = [Dergi] ---> Magazine

Ser [ to lay,to spread out] + gi = [Sergi] = exhibition,display

Bil [to know] + gi = [Bilgi] ---->Data, Info.

Ör [to knit] + gü = [Örgü] ----->Knitting

Sor [ to ask] + gu = [Sorgu] ----->inquiry

Sil [to erase,to rub] + gi = [Silgi] -----> Rubber, Eraser

 

 

 

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37.       Donkeyoaty
105 posts
 21 Dec 2011 Wed 01:34 am

 

Quoting tunci

 

There are some Nouns that are derived from Verbs by taking -Ga,-Gı.

[ Deverbal Nominal ]

Verb stem + Ge,Ga, Gı, Gi,Gu,Gü

Bil [to know] + ge = [Bilge] --> Wise [person]

Al [to take] + gı = [Algı] -----> Sense, feeling

Gör [to see] + gü = [Görgü] ---> Good manners

Sev [to love] + gi = [Sevgi] ----> Love,affection

Der [ to gather] + gi = [Dergi] ---> Magazine

Ser [ to lay,to spread out] + gi = [Sergi] = exhibition,display

Bil [to know] + gi = [Bilgi] ---->Data, Info.

Ör [to knit] + gü = [Örgü] ----->Knitting

Sor [ to ask] + gu = [Sorgu] ----->inquiry

Sil [to erase,to rub] + gi = [Silgi] -----> Rubber, Eraser

 

 

 

It is nice to know a Turkish word and then discover how it is put together. It makes words easier to remember. The Turkish word for computer is Bilgisayer. From the above I guess it translates as "data it counts" or phrased better in English "it counts data"

Another word I came across that breaks down nicely like this is Ayakabiboyasi (shoe polish)or foot-cover paint.

I have a number of Turkish textbooks, but none of them make any emphasis on the breakdown of Turkish nouns into their constituent part meaning. For me it is something I have gradually been discovering as a student. I think teachers could set excersises for students to break down common nouns. This would help them to remember common words and guess a meaning of a new word by trying to work it out.

 

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