- mAz Oldu  Form ;

With negative aorist tense [mAz] with oldu expresses the action,event ceased to happen.

        Verb stem + maz,mez + oldu + person

Sen gelmez oldun. ---> You stopped coming. [ You used to come but you stopped coming]

O artık bana selam vermez oldu ---> He/She stopped greeting [saying hello to] me.

Onlar bir süredir çay içmez oldular ---> They stopped drinking tea for a while.

Son zamanlarda birbirimizi görmez olduk ---> Lately , we, for some reason unable [stopped] to see eachother.

                          [a,e,ı,i,u,ü] r  Oldu   Form ;

The positive aorist form with oldu expresses that the event has began to happen more often or becoming habit.

iç + er  + ol + du

Son zamanlarda çay içer oldu ---> He/She has started drinking tea nowadays. 

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Bu günlerde seninle sık sık görüşür oldu ---> Nowadays , he/she started seeing you more often.

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Bu günlerde çok sık sinemaya gider oldun --->You are going to cinema quite often nowadays  [It´s started becoming habit with you ]

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Artık sigarayı az içer oldun --> You happen to smoke less.

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                             ----------gibi  durmak  form ;

                - seem like to be , looking like to be [to do]

................gibi dur + tense [usually p.progressive] + person

* It has to be in the end of the statement.

* we cant use as " sounds like " as we need to witness or see the person ,thing or action that we use it for.

Üzgün gibi duruyor. ---> He/She seems[looks] to be sad [upset,down].

Üzgün gibi duruyorsun ---> You seem[look] to be sad.

Partide Üzgün gibi duruyordun---> You looked like sad at the party.

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Buraya daha önce gelmemiş gibi duruyorsun---> You seem like you havent been here before.

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Kalbi kırılmış gibi duruyor ---> He/She seems like her /his heart is broken.

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Aslan her an saldıracakmış gibi duruyor ---> The lion looks like it is gonna attack any time.

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In some cases the particle "ile" [with] works as conjunction "ve" [and] ;

Ankara ile İstanbul arası kaç saattir ? ---> How long [how many hours] it takes between Ankara and İstanbul ?

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Ahmetle Mehmet buradalar. ---> Ahmet and Mehmet are here.

Ahmet + ile + Mehmet burada[lar].

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O Türkçe´yle Arapça biliyor ---> He/She knows Turkish and Arabic.

Türkçe + y [buffer] + ile + Arapça

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Sometimes we see vowel Epenthesis[adding sound into a word]

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Bir = One

Bir + i +cik [Biricik]à Only, unique, well beloved

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Dar = Narrow

Dar + a + cık [Daracık] -> Very narrow, very tight

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Az = Little

Az + ı + cık [Azıcık]à Very little,

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Genç = Young

Genç + e +cik [Gencecik] à Very young.

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into some words with one syllable suffix.

 1.

diminutive suffix -cık,cik,cuk,cük.

2.

 "Liaison " [Ulama] in Turkish ;

a. when a word ends with a consonant = ekmek, almak , evden

b. and if the following word ends with a vowel ;

  then two words are read as if they are one word.

Bir ekmek almak için evden çıktı.

 Birekmekalmakkiçinevden çıktı.

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 Important Note * = If there is any punctuation marks we cant read those words that way. In other words there shouldnt be any punctuation marks between words for "liason" [ulama].

"ki" as relative clitic pronoun ;

senin = your

seninki = yours

Ali´nin = Ali´s

Ali´ninki = The one that is owned by Ali

Benim elim kanıyor, Ali´nin eli de kanıyor ---> My hand is bleeding, Ali´s hand bleeding too.

//         //        //, Alininki de kanıyor --> Ali´s bleeding too.

Çayım nerede ? = where is my tea ?

Seninki burada = yours is here [your tea is here]

Benimki nerede ? = where is mine ?

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Note : "Ki" is attached to genitive suffix.

"ki" as constructive suffix ;

This "ki" is attached to nouns that turns them into adjectives that express time or place.

- Bu yıl = This year

  Bu yıl + ki = Bu yılki sınav --> This year´s exam.

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  Note : * this "ki" has some "kü" forms ;

  Dün = Yesterday

  Dünkü = Yesterday´s

  Dünkü film = Yesterday´s film.

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  Masa = Table

  Masada = On the table

  Masadaki[ler] = The one[ones] on the table

  Masadaki kitaplar = The books that are on the table

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  Duvar = Wall

  Duvarda = On the table

  Duvardaki = The one on the table

  Duvardaki saat = The watch that is on the wall.

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Tunci, you must be getting tired. 

 Sağol Henry. May be I´m getting bit tired..

In Turkish , when "n" comes just before "b" , the "n" changes into "m" ;

Çenber  ---> Çember

Tenbel ----> Tembel

Çarşanba ---> Çarşamba

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* Note that this rule doesnt apply to Compound words and Proper Nouns such as ;

- Sonbahar,

- İstanbul

- Safranbolu