Some adverbs that are formed out of nouns by taking "A"

When some words especially [some] time expressions take the suffix  "a", they are altered into adverbs and refers the coming [forthcoming] [morning, afternoon, night, week,month, year, summer, winter ].

Sabaha görüşmek üzere......>  See you in the morning [in the coming morning].

Haftaya Fatma´nın düğünü var.....>  Fatma has wedding next week. [the coming week]

Seneye seni görmek istiyorum  ---> I want to see you next year. [The coming year]

It can be used to refer "for" [için]

Akşama hazır ol. ---> Get ready for the evening. [for tonight]

Sabaha bir şey yapmamı istiyor musun ? ---> Do you want me to do anything for the morning ?

It can be used with other words [adjectives and nouns] as well ;

Bu kitabı bedavaya aldım. ---> I got this book for free.

Bu kitabı beleşe aldım  ----> [Slang] I got this book for free.

Haybeye geçti zaman ---- Time passed doing nothing. [ Time wasted]

Hayrına bu işi yap.  ---- Do this job for the sake of goodness.

                                 Do this job not expecting a reward in return.

Subject with -dAn case morpheme.

Subjects [ agent] can take -dan case morpheme, and it makes " part of something", "one of something"

1. Pasta kaldı mı ?  ---> Any cake left  ? 

2. Pastadan  kaldı mı ? ---> Some [any] of cake left ?

                                      Anything from the cake left ?

                                      Part of cake left ?

In the first sentence, the subject [pasta] is a whole individual cake , but in the second sentence the subject [pastadan] means more like any piece from the cake. There is a missing word which is "birazı" [some of ] ---> pastadan birazı  ----> some of cake

Pastadan is subject of the sentence. So , subject with -dan case can be called as elliptical subject.

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With countable words ;

Şu kalemden  var mı ? --->  1. Is there any of this book ?  Or ;

                                          2. Is there a book like this ?

1. is there any of this book  ?  Do you have one of this pen among other pens.

2. Is there a book like this. ? Do you have any book like this one.

So, the subject took -dan morpheme  " kalemden "

Funny that there is singular here.

*pastadan birazı makes no sense to me. It is wrong with grammar. It can only be ;

" pastadan biraz " If we will say that there is a missing word then it can only be biraz but it does not mean the same anyway.

When you say "pastadan kaldı mı?" 

It means "Is there any cake left?" It does not really necessarıly mean "a little". The speaker want to learn if there is left any and I am almost sure this person would be happier with more than a little cake already.

*About "kalemden"

It does not have to be singular. It can be plural as well and means the same thing.

*-acak oldum ????

I heard this expression maybe one or two times in my lifetime. There really is no need to learn while there is a more common one. 

We say for example; 

Tam gidiyordum/gidecektim annem aradı. As I was just going, my mother called me.

Why to make it more complex? 

Of course it is nice to recognize when you see but as a Turkish I even pushed my memory hard to remember if I really heard it. 

Yes, You are right. It should be "pastanın birazı". I must have mistyped that. But  By saying  *´ pastanın birazı´   I wanted to clarify the missing part which is dropped when the subject takes -dan morpheme.

pastanın birazı is belirtili isim tamlaması --> definite noun compound

So, there is an imaginary noun compound which is dropped from the sentence.

By saying Pastadan , we mostly understand it as "pastanın birazı [some of the cake] or pastanın bir kısmı [ part of the cake] " , anything from the cake"

Well , I don´t know you but I heard that form *-acak oldum alot. And , I mentioning these type of forms in case learners come across them in daily life, and then they will able to work it out what they mean.

Thanks for your critiques, Blogger.