İ prepared this lesson. İt will continue if i can find time to write lessons. So i can write for "B- Acording to Subject" topic another time

(Fiillerde Çatı)   Roof on Verbs   (Çatı is a term of grammer)

Roof is features of verbs that they show acording to subject and object.


A- Acording to Object

1- (Geçişli Fiiller) Transitive Verbs
2- (Geçişsiz Filer) Intransitive Verbs
3- (Oldurgan Fiiller) Causative Verbs
4- (Ettirger Fiiller) Factitive Verbs

B- Acording to Subject

1- (Etken fiiller) Active verb
2- (Edilgen fiiller) Passive verbs
3- (Dönüşlü fiiller) Reflexive verbs
4- (İşteş fiiller) Reciprocal verbs

A- Acording to Object

1- Transitive Verbs

Verbs that can take object are transitive verbs. (Ne,Neyi,kimi,nereyi vs sorularına cevap verebilir)

Oku mak  to read (it can take objects such as a book, newspaper,note etc)

İ read book Kitap okudum

Sev mek to love (it can take objects such as him,her,them,family,flowers,nature,colors etc)

Türkçeyi seviyorum. İ love Turkish Language.

Ye mek = to eat 

I ate rice.  Pilav yedim

2-  Intransitive Verbs

Verbs that can not take object are transitive verbs. (Ne,Neyi,kimi,nereyi vs sorularına cevap veremez)

uyu mak  to sleep
kal mak  to stay

Yatakta uyudum, I slept at bed

Otelde kaldım. I stayed at hotel.

3- Causative Verbs

“-r, -t, -dır (tır)” suffixes turn Intransitive verbs into Transitive verbs

(ır,ir,ur,ür,dur,dır,dir,dür etc it changes acording to harmony)

Geçişsiz / Geçişli (Oldurgan)
Intransitive / Transitive

Dur mak  to stop - durdur mak  to put a stop to

 gül mek to laugh - güldürmek to amuse  to make laugh        

Güldüm. İ laught.   You made me laugh. Beni güldürdün

 ağla mak to cry - ağlat mak to make (someone) cry

Ağladım = I cried  Beni ağlattın = You made me cry

Uçmak to fly - uçurmak  to blow away, to let fly

Bird flied. Kuş uçtu    Wind blew away my hat= Rüzgar şapkamı uçurdu

Uyumak to sleep– uyutmak to put to sleep

Dün gece rahat uyudum. İ slept well at last night.  Bebeği uyuttum= İ put baby to sleep.

çık mak to get away- çıkar mak to take out

Evden çıktım= İ got away from home. Kutudakileri çıkar= Take out things in the box

4- (Ettirgen Fiiller) Factitive Verbs

Geçişli bir fiilin “-r, -t, -dır (tır if verb finish with alveolar consonant )” eklerinden birini alarak geçişlilik derecesinin artırılmasıdır. Bu fiillerde işi başkasına yaptırma anlamı vardır.

İf transitive verb takes any suffix of (r, t, (tır) dır) then it means subject of the sentence make someone to do it.

sev mek = to love  sevdir mek to endear

Bana Türkçeyi sevdirdin. You endeared me Turkish Language.

Oku mak = to read   okut mak = make someone to read

Öğretmen öğrencilerine şiir okuttu. Teacher made her students to read poem.

Ye mek = to eat yedir mek =to feed

Bebeği yedirdim = I fed the baby

İç mek = to drink  içir mek = to make to drink

Bebeğe süt içirdim. İ made baby to drink milk.

My mother made me love reading:

Annem bana (okumak / okumayı sevdirdi

which one is right... or none ?

okumayı  yes  your sentence is true

Concerning these endings, (“-r, -t, -dır (tır)&rdquo, is there a specific rule to detemine which ending to use with which verb or we will have to know them by practicing?

if last vowel is one of o,u then it must be u

if e,i then i

if a,ı then ı

if ö,ü then ü

if last consonant is one of f,s,t,k,ç,ş,h,p then it must be  ,tır,tir ,tur,tür

for other consonants it is dır dir dur dür

 and it is mostly done using dır,tır so you can learn others that is done with t,r

if it finishs with consonant u may add vowel iç mek  iç i r mek

if it finishs with vowel you do not need it oku mak oku t mak

also gel mek = to come  getir mek = to bring

gel dir mek changed its form and became getir mek word. this is an exception. because l letter disappeared here.

r-t-dır,tır makes also these meanings to let someone/thing to do something, to provide someone/thing to do something.

Beni konuşturmuyorsunuz  You do not let me speak.

Konuş mak= to speak  konuştur mak =to let/make someone speak

Babam beni okuttu. My dad provided me to be educated

Gürültü beni uyutmadı. Noise did not let me sleep.

  police made offender speak, polis suçluyu konuşturdu.

B- Acording to Subject

1- (Etken Fiiller) Active Verbs
We can see the real subject in active sentences. Performer of act.

Evin duvarlarını boyadım.

İ have painted walls of home.

Ödevimi yaptım.

I have done my homework.

I ate rice.  Pilav yedim

Yatakta uyudum, I slept at bed

Bebeği uyuttum= İ put baby to sleep

Bebeği yedirdim = I fed the baby

2- (Edilgen Fiiller) Passive Verbs

Verbs take –n ve –l suffixes.

Duvarlar boyanıyor. Walls are being painted.

Boya mak to paint  Boyan mak to be painted

Kutular taşındı. Boxes were carried.

Taşı mak to carry Taşın mak to be carried

Vazo kırıldı.  Vase was broken.

Kır mak to break Kırıl mak to be broken

Bebekler çok sevilir. Babies are loved too much.

Sev mek to love Sevil mek to be loved

If verb fisnish with a vowel  than it takes one of ı,i,u,ü

if it finishes with one of a,ı then it must be ı

if e,i, then i

if o,u, then u

if ö,ü then ü

examples

Bil mek to know bilin mek to be known

Gör mek to see  Görün mek to be known

Yaz mak to write Yazıl mak to be written

3-( Dönüşlü Fiiller) Reflexive verbs 

These sentences can not take objects. Because subject is the also one that is effected from action that subject does.

Verbs take –n ve –l suffixes. Same rule for harmony with passive verbs.

Example: Döv mek = to beat (active verb) Dövül mek = to be beaten (passive verb) 

Dövün mek= to deplore, to beat himself (because of regret etc) (reflexive verb)

Sev mek to love (active verb)  Sevil mek=to be loved passive (passive verb) 

Sevin mek=to get happy (reflexive verb)

Üz mek=to upset (active verb)  Üzül mek=to get sad (reflexive verb)

Kır mak=to break (active verb)   Kırıl mak=to be broken (reflexive verb)

Your harsh words broke me. Kötü sözlerin beni kırdı. (active verb)

I got broken with your harsh words. Kötü sözlerine kırıldım. (reflexive verb)

Taşı mak=to move   Taşın mak =to relocate

Bu evden taşındık. We moved away from this home.

Hazırla mak=to prepare  (active verb)  Hazırlan mak=to get prepared (reflexive verb)

Gelin düğünü için günlerce hazırlandı.      (reflexive verb)           

Bride got prepared for her wedding for days

4- İşteş Fiiller (Reciprocal verbs)
 

Here two use of reciprocal verbs
1-act is done together

2- act is done reciprocal way

“Ş” suffix is added to verb to make it reciprocal verb.

“–ş, -ış, -iş, -uş, -üş,” if it finishes with consonant letter. Then “-ış, -iş, -uş, -üş,” is used.

Same rule for harmony.

1-act is done together

Examples:

Kuşlar uçtu. Birds flied (active verb) (They flied individually)

Kuşlar uçuştu. Birds flied together

Çocuklar koştular. Childeren ran individually

Çocuklar koşuştular. Childeren ran together

2- act is done reciprocal way

Examples:

Bul mak= to find Buluş mak= to meet

Döv mek= to beat Dövüş mek= to fight

Anla mak= to understand Anlaş mak= to get along

Bak mak= to look Bakış mak=to look each other

I will give random examples because topic is complated.

Konuş mak=to speak (Reciprocal)

Düşün mek= to think (Reflexive)

 Savaş mak=to battle  (Reciprocal)

Savun mak=to defend, to protect (Reflexive)

Barış mak= to make peace (Reciprocal)

Güreş mek = to wrestle (Reciprocal)

Bakın mak= to look around (by yourself)  (Reflexive)

Görün mek=to appear,seem  (Reflexive) 

  Görüş mek=to have contact with,to meet, to have a talk with etc (Reciprocal)

The correct English term for "çatı" is "voice" not "roof":

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_%28grammar%29

iperekemezmedendikçe/ anenmedikişacakecek this is the way to remember.It worked for me since I was achild

WHAT?!!

 really what is this ?

uç mak = to fly (a verb that can not that object)

kuş uçtu= bird flied

uçur mak=to blow away (it became a verb that can take object)

uçurtma uçurdum. i flied a kite.

uçurt mak=to make someone to blow away (this give these meanings make,let,provide,support)

Ben bahçemde çocuklara uçurtma uçurtmam.

I do not let childeren to fly kites in my garden.

Büyü mek=to grow up (can not take object)

She grew up in a nice town

Büyüt mek=to raise (can take object) ,to enlarge

İki çocuk büyüttü.

He raised two childeren.

Büyüttür mek =to make enlarge

Fotoğrafımı fotokopiciye büyüttürdüm.

I made photocopier to enlarge my photo.

Since , Yarvik is on holiday , I got to take his mission and do a tiny correction on your English Laleler. Affına sığınarak.

if a verb that can not take object takes one of " r,dır,t "suffix it becomes causative (oldurgan) so it can take object.

if you add r,dır,t suffix to causative it becomes factive, it you add r,dır,t suffix to factive it becomes double factive

Thanks Laleler, this was most helpful! I always forget my passive tense

Senden Türkçe´yi öğrenildi.

Nasildi??

Türkçe senden öğrenildi

Turkish language was learned by you.  passive voice

I mean to say "Turkish was learned from/because of you. I know it´s awkward I´m just trying it out

How about:

Senin yuzunden Turkce ogrenildi. ??

daha iyi mi? yanlis yapiyorum galiba, ama calisacagim

I suppose you may possibly  say " Sayende türkçe öğrenildi "

I see that no one likes the way I remember them -ip -er -an -cek -medik  

gelip gelerek gelmez gelmeden gelen gelmedik geliş gelecek ))

 ok you mean suffixes but they are not about verb voices anyway.

okumayı