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(232 Messages in 24 pages - View all)
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90.       tunci
7149 posts
 22 Jul 2014 Tue 10:09 am

 

  Henüz

still/only/yet/just

 

- Bunları anlayabilmek için henüz çok küçüksün.

You are still too young to be able to understand these.

 

Henüz saat üç ! 

It´s only three o´clock.

 

- Henüz saat üç bile değil !

It´s not even three o´clock yet !

 

- Kapı çalındığında henüz kalkmıştık.

When the doorbell rang we had just got up.

 

- Kapı çalındığında henüz kalkmamıştık.

When the doorbell rang we had not got up yet.


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91.       tunci
7149 posts
 23 Jul 2014 Wed 06:54 pm

 

-dIğı gibi  ......... dI

 

 If there ıs a certain rapidity or violence in an action we add –diği gibi  to the initial act followed by the past, future, aorist , etc. verb representing the second act.

-Kitabı masadan aldığı gibi yere at.

He/She snatched the book from the table and threw it on the floor.

 

- Yakasından tuttuğum gibi dışarı attım. 

I grabbed him by the collar and threw him out.

 

* There is a strong stress on the first verb that falls on the verb root. This is very important, otherwise the form may mean something else.

tuttuğum gibi  ----> attım.


* "gibi " here is a mere function word, and no longer has the meaning of "like".

 

* The verb representing the second action may be in the past, future, aorist , etc.. depending upon when the action took place.

 

- Bak sana söylüyorum, seni tuttuğu gibi yere vurur.

I am warning you, he´ll grab you and slam you to the ground.

 

Vurduğu gibi kırıyor.  ---> One blow and he smashes it.

 

Two actions follow one another with great speed and acceleration between the actions.

 

- Aldığı gibi gitti. ---> As soon as he took it he left.

 

-Çaldığı gibi kaçtı. ---> He stole it and was gone !

 

-Yattığım gibi uyudum. ---> I fell asleep as soon as I went to bed.

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92.       tunci
7149 posts
 25 Jul 2014 Fri 11:05 am

 

 -dir 

If the speaker feels what he/she says is probable, he adds -dir to the end of the verb.

 

Hasta.  -----> He/She is sick.

Hastadır. ---> He/She must be sick.

 

This form is used with the -iyor-ecek and -miş forms. It is not used with the -di and -ir forms or the combined form -iyormuş.

* It is placed after the personal endings and changes according to vowel harmony.

 

- Unutmuşsun.  ------> You have forgotten. [ I realize ]

- Unutmuşsundur. -----> You probably have forgotten.

-----------------------

- Biliyor. ----> He/She knows. [I know he/she knows]

- Biliyordur. ---> He/She probably knows. 

-----------------------

- Gördüm. ----> I saw it.

- Görmüşümdür. ----> I probably saw it. [ I must have seen it, but I can´t really remember. ]

---------------------------

O da gidecek. ---> He/She is going, too.

O da gidecektir. ---> It is probable that he/she is going too.

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93.       tunci
7149 posts
 27 Jul 2014 Sun 02:45 pm

 

Hiç olmazsa /Hiç değilse

This conjunctions can function as "bari, en azından " ---> at least 

 

- Çok yorgunsun, hiç olmazsa biraz dinlen.

  You are very tired, at least get some rest.

 

- Hiç olmazsa bayrama kadar kalın.

  Stay at least until the bayram .

 

- Fatma hiç değilse arada uğrar, sen telefon bile etmiyorsun.

 Fatma at least comes over time to time, you don´t even phone [me].

 

- Kendin dinlemiyorsun,  hiç değilse ses yapma.

You don´t listen at least don´t make noise.

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94.       tunci
7149 posts
 27 Jul 2014 Sun 08:15 pm

 

  Gerunds of Cause


There are quit few gerunds that form the cause of main verb in compound sentences. - because, because of,   in order to.

-diğinden


[-diğimden,- diğinden, -diğimizden,- diğinizden, - diklerinden ]


O, başını kapıya vurduğundan ağlıyor.

Because he/she hit his/her head on the door, he/she is crying.

 

Bunu seni düşündüğümden söylüyorum.

I am saying this because I care for you.

 

- eceğinden [dolayı ]


O, yakında Avrupa´ya gideceğinden dolayı heyecanlanıyor.

He is getting excited because he will go to Europe soon.

 

-mekten [maktan ]

 

Çok uyumaktan gözlerim şişmiş.

I´ve noticed that my eyes got swollen because of too much sleep. [sleeping too much]

 

Çok çalışmaktan başıma ağrı girdi.

I got headache because of studying too much.

 

-mek için [-mak için]


Dinlenmek için bir ağacın dibine oturdum.

I sat under a tree in order to get rest.

 

- diği için 


Hasan Almanya´ya gittiği için annesi çok üzülüyor.

Because Hasan went to Germany his mother is very upset.

 

-eceği için [acağı için]


Ders başlayacağı için herkes sustu.

Because the lesson is going to start everybody got quit.

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95.       tunci
7149 posts
 27 Jul 2014 Sun 09:26 pm

 

Paronomasia

 

In Turkish , there are some words comes  before the action and become inseperable part for those particular actions. They are smilar-sounding with the verb. It may also be a tool which a verb is derived of.

 

-yağmur yağmak ---> to rain

But it is literally,   to rain the rain

 

- yazı yazmak ---> to write

 Literally , to write the writing.

This is a general description of the verb "to write", of course, we can use other words in order to be more specific.

 

kitap yazmak - to write a book

mektup yazmak - to write a letter

 

- ütü ütülemek ---> to iron

Literally , to iron the iron

 

- yemek yemek ----> to eat

Literally , to eat the meal

 

etc..



Edited (7/27/2014) by tunci

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96.       tunci
7149 posts
 27 Jul 2014 Sun 09:58 pm

 

Semantic exceptions  of  -Ar     -maz 

As we know that the counterpart of -Ar [er,ir,ur,ür] ........- maz/mez construction in English is as soon as .... 

It is constructed by adding on the repated verb stem.

 

O  gelir gelmez ---> As soon as he comes....

 

However, there are few exceptions to this construction, 

exception 1:

bilir  bilmez ---> This doesn´t mean "as soon as someone knows", it actually means someone talks without knowing it.

 

Bilir bilmez konuşuyor. ---> He/She is talking without knowing.

exception 2:

ister istemez ---> This doesn´t refer the moment he/she wants. It actually means " someone does something whether he wants it or not ".

Willingly or unwillingly.

 

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97.       tunci
7149 posts
 27 Jul 2014 Sun 10:45 pm

 

-miş olacak [completed future]


This tense refers an action which is completed in the future. We consider the action is completed in a certain time in the future.

 

Salı günü bu konuyu bitireceğiz.  ---> Future tense.

Said now--------------------------->On tuesday we will finish the subject.

 

Salı günü bu konuyu bitirmiş olacağız. ---> Completed in the future

Said now --------------------------> It is completed [finished] on Tuesday.

 

We will have finished this subject on Tuesday.

 

---------------------------------------------------------------------

3 saatte sonra oraya varacaksınız. ---> Future tense

Said now..............................> In 3 hours you will arrive there.

 

3 saatte sonra oraya varmış olacaksınız. ---> Completed in the future.

Said now................................> completed here.

You will have arrived there in 3 hours.



Edited (7/27/2014) by tunci

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98.       tunci
7149 posts
 29 Jul 2014 Tue 01:35 am

 

TO  TELL THE TIME

Telling the time in Turkish, is considered along two dimensions :

 

1. Announcing the time


    a) At the point  

       Saat beş      ---> It´s five o´clock.

       Saat üç       ----> It´s three o´clock.

       Saat yedi     ----> It´s seven o´clock.

 

    b) Before the point 

    When the time is before the hour or hal-hour, the word "var" is used, and the hour or half-hour takes the goal relational suffix -a.

      Saat beşe on var.   ---------> It´s ten to five.

      Saat beş buçuğa iki var.------> It´s five twenty eight.

      Saat ikiye on var.   ------------> It´s ten to two.

 

    c) After the point

    When the time is after the hour or half-hour the verb "geçmek " [to pass] is usedwith the "iyor" suffix, and the hour half-hour takes the -i specific object suffix.

      Saat ikiyi beş geçiyor. 

      Saat üçü on geçiyor.

      Saat altı buçuğu iki geçiyor.

 

 2. Setting the time


    a) At the point 

     In setting a time at the hour or half-hour, the point of time is suffixed with the locative relational suffix -da.


      Saat ikide  -----> At two o´clock

      Saat  dörtte ----> At four o´clock

      Saat  yarımda ----> At twelve-thirty

 

      b) Before the point 

       In setting a time before the hour or half hour, the verb "kalmak" [to remain] occurs in the form "kala", and the point of time takes the goal relational suffix -a.

 

         Saat  beşe on kala.

         Saat üçe yedi kala.

         Saat dokuza beş kala.

 

       c) After the point

In setting a time after the hour or half-hour, the form "geçe " of the"geçmek" [-to pass] is used, and the point of time takes the specific direct object suffix, -i.


        Saat sekizi beş geçe. ----> At eight five.

        Saat dördü on sekiz geçe. ----> At four eighteen.

        Saat yarımı on geçe.  -----> At twelve forty.

 

 

 

 

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99.       tunci
7149 posts
 29 Jul 2014 Tue 02:33 am

 

"Kaç " forms

 

Saat kaç ?   ----> What time is it ?

 

Saat kaçta ?  ----> At what time ?

 

Kaç saat ?    -----> How many hours ?

 

Kaç saatte ? ----> How long ? [In how many hours ?]

 

Kaç  kere ?  ----> How many times ?

 

Kaç tane ? ----> How many pieces ?

 

Karpuzu kaçtan veriyorsunuz ? ----> How much do you charge for the watermelon ?

 

Karpuz kaç para ? ----> How much is the watermelon ?

 

Karpuzu kaça aldın ? ----> How much did you pay for the watermelon ?

 

Kaçıncı kat ? ----> Which floor ?

 

Kaç yaşında ? ----> How old ?

 

Kaçıncı ders ? ----> Which lesson ?

 

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100.       tunci
7149 posts
 29 Jul 2014 Tue 03:04 am

 

-ecekken


To express the contrast between what was planned,expected or should have taken place and what actually took place, we use -ecekken after the verb stem describing  the action which was planned or should have been done.


The verb in main clause describes what actually took place.

* -ecekken never changes form except for vowel harmony. 


Ev ödevini yapacakken evde oyalanıyorsun. 

Instead of doing your homework you are fooling around.

 

Çay içecekken limonata içmişler.

Instead of drinking tea they apparently drank lemonadeç

 

Bu habere ağlayacakken gülüyolruz.

Instead of crying at the news we´re laughing.

 

Sinemaya gidecekken evde televizyon seyrettik.

Instead of going to the cinema we watched television.

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