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Grammar notes
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220. |
19 Mar 2015 Thu 06:03 pm |
The ´c´ in Turkish is a little different than the ´j´ in English?
Turkish C pronounced like English G and J in the following words.
(exactly the same)
gel (cel)
genuine (cen-yu-in)
gender (cen-dı(r))
genocide (ce-nı-sayd)
gem (cem)
(very close)
jail (ceyl)
jargon (ca(r)-gın)
jeopardize (ce-pı(r)-dayz)
Turkish J (which is borrowed from Persian) pronounced like S in the following words:
pleasure (ple-jı(r))
treasure (tre-jı(r))
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221. |
27 Mar 2015 Fri 09:57 pm |
-dikçe
To indicate that whenever a certain event [event 1] occurs, another event is sure to occur [must occur, should occur , etc ], we add the suffix, -dikçe to the root of the verb that represents event 1.
Example
- Fırsat buldukça gelip beni görür. ---> Whenever he has an opportunity, he comes to see me.
* If the subject of the verb with the -dikçe suffix is different from the subject of the verb in the main clause it must be indicated.
- O güldükçe ben mutlu olurum. --> Every time she smiles, I feel happy [inside].
- Canı sıkıldıkça sigara içer. ---> Whenever he is bored [worried] he smokes.
- Beni gördükçe eski günlerden bahseder.---> Whenever he sees me, he talks about the old days.
Edited (3/27/2015) by tunci
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222. |
29 Mar 2015 Sun 02:27 pm |
tunci usta, permit me to add a pinch of extra information.
when -dikçe added to ol- and git- it forms permanent adverbs: oldukça, gittikçe
oldukça => fairly, moderately
durum oldukça umutsuz görünüyor - the situation seems pretty hopeless
bugün dışarısı oldukça soğuk - it´s pretty cold outdoors today
gittikçe => by degrees, gradually;more and more
gittikçe muhafazakarlaştı - he became more and more conservative
sağlığı gittikçe kötüleşti - his health gradually declined
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223. |
29 Mar 2015 Sun 04:29 pm |
Also, -dikçe adds a sense of frequency to the verb it is added.
"Fatih*´e geldikçe huzur doluyorum" means:
"Whenever I come to Fatih, I found tranquility (and I come here on occasions, or often)"
*Fatih is the district surrounded by the İstanbul Walls.
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224. |
04 Apr 2015 Sat 12:30 am |
j sound
In Turkish words there is no " j " sound. This sound is only found in borrowed words, such as :
Jandarma = gendarme [military police]
Jale = A female name
Japon= Japanese
Japonya = Japan [Nippon]
That´s why in some dialects these words are pronounced with"c"
Candarma
Capon
I really couldn´t get how different they are.
Even that day I was teaching one of my friends Turkish language but I couldn´t answer the question about the difference between these two letters.
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225. |
19 Apr 2015 Sun 09:21 am |
- MEK/MAK ÜZERE
Whenever we want to convey the idea that something is about to happen we use the infinitive form - mek with üzere followed by the verb to be.
All the forms of the verb to be may be used. [-im, idim, imişim,isem, olsaydım,etc ]
- Çarşıya çıkmak üzereydim - I was about to go to downtown.
- Ben çıkmak üzereyim - I am about to go.
- Oraya varmak üzereyim - I am about to arrive there
* Sometimes tam is placed before -mek üzere to intensify the being about to do something. It then means just about to........
- Sen telefon ettiğinde tam evden çıkmak üzereydim.
- I was just about to leave when you phoned.
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226. |
06 Sep 2015 Sun 12:34 am |
Predicate with copula –DIR
Nouns with –dIr suffıx generally function as predicate in Turkish. Also some adjectives like “yakın” or “uzak” take predicate function when –dIr suffix is added.
[Also person names, pronouns , adverbs,.......can function as predicates in a sentence]
- Bu kız Fatma’dır. --à This girl is [called] Fatma.
Predicate
- Bu adam odur. ---à This man is him.
Predicate
- Orası yakındır. --à That place is near.
Predicate
- Alışveriş merkezi uzaktır. --à The shopping center must be far away.
Predicate
- Sigara zararlıdır. -à [Smoking] Cigarette is harmful.
Predicate
Edited (9/6/2015) by tunci
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227. |
16 Sep 2015 Wed 02:08 am |
-ki suffix
This suffix turns nouns into words which are used as adjectives and pronouns. It creates two forms of words,
a) When it comes on to some words with locative case suffix –da -de , it forms nouns which are used as adjectives ,
duvar = wall
duvarda = on the wall
duvardaki resim = the picture [that is ]on the wall
bilgisayar – computer
bilgisayarda – in the computer
bilgisayardaki dosya – the file [that is] in the computer
b) It comes on nominative , genitive and locative cases of nouns and it forms nouns which are used as pronouns,
Pronoun of uncertainity
- Sokaktakini tanıyor musun ?
Do you know the one [that is on the street ?
Pronoun of belongingness
- Benim arabam burada. Sizinki nerede ?
My car is here. Where is yours [your one ] ?
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228. |
18 Sep 2015 Fri 04:33 am |
Ta
This Persian origin word is used as adverb that may function as until, since… It exaggeratedly tells us the beginning point of an action/movement/thing or the ending point of an action/movement/thing , in terms of time and distance.
- Ta oralar kadar gittim. === I went until that place !
* In the sence of above there is sense of exaggerating the distance of the place[ oralarA ]
- Ta Rusya’ya kadar gitmiş !---- He went until Russia.
- Bunu ta İzmir’den getirdim ! ----- I brought this from İzmir !
- Ta gelecek aya kadar ödeme yapılmayacak - The payment won´t be done until next month.
- Ta buralara kadar gelmiş ! ----- He/She came all the way here !
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229. |
28 Oct 2015 Wed 05:45 am |
Present simple tense (Geniş zaman)
GENERAL RULES
1. -r comes when the verb stem ends with a consonant
söyle-r
oku-r
yürü-r
2. -ar -er comes when the verb stem is one syllable
bak-ar
yaz-ar
sor-ar
Note : The following 13 verbs do NOT obey the above rule
gel-ir, al-ır, bil-ir, var-ır, gör-ür, kal-ır, bul-ur, ver-ir, öl-ür, vur-ur, ol-ur, san-ır, dur-ur
3. After multi-syllable verb stems that ends with consonant, -ır, -ir, -ur, -ür comes
çalış-ır
konuş-ur
öğren-ir
götür-ür
sevin-ir
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230. |
09 Jan 2016 Sat 04:54 am |
-MIŞ GİBİ
This structure, instead of conveying “hearsay” denotation, it actually refers a result of an action. It conveys “ probable definite past”
- Daha önce golf oynamış gibiydi.
It looked like [to me] he played golf before.
* In the sentence above, I came to a conclusion from “they way he plays golf ” that “he must have played golf before. ”
- Buraya ilk kez gelmiş gibiydiler.
It looked like [to me] they came here first time.
From the way they acted /reacted , it looked to me that they didn’t come here before.
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