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... Adding -tur changes the meaning a bit. I think this is to emphasize a fact.
I think -dır is the most confusing suffix in Turkish..
There are many rules for when to use and when not to use it..
For example, in the following examples you have to use it (scientific fact):
Işık enerjidir -- Light is energy
Kireç alkalidir -- Lime is alkali
But -ar, -er (geniş zaman -simple present tense) is never followed by -dır (exception?)
Dünya, Güneş´in etrafında döner -- The Earth revolves around the Sun
You will find it widely used in political speeches:
x-cı terörizm cezalandırılmalıdır -- x-ist terrorism must be punished.
In the following sentence you don´t have to use it (moreover, it´s better not to use it)
Ayşe güzel bir kız -- Ayşe is a beautiful girl
But there may be a case that the predicate needs to be stressed ( as if her beauty is like a scientific fact!)
Ayşe güzel bir kızdır.
-dır, as you said, may change the meaning:
Yer ıslak -- The ground is wet (as in "yer ıslak, dikkat et!")
Yer ıslaktır -- The ground may be wet (as in "yer ıslaktır, dikkat et!")
Kars´ta kar yağıyor -- It´s snowing in Kars.
Kars´ta kar yağıyordur -- It must be snowing in Kars.
Ali eve dönmüş -- (someone told me that) Ali is back home.
Ali eve dönmüştür -- (my opinion is that/ it is probable that) Ali is back home
There is more but I will stop here 
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