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Turkish Grammar-5: Nouns-4.b.b

If you remember, the formule of the definite posessive determiner was X+in Y+i. But here the formula is: X Y+i

 

The indefinite posessive determiner is used for a few tasks.

 

1) So as to express the sort of something.

 

hayvan (the animal)

ses (1the voice, 2the sound)

 

hayvan ses+i ---->hayvan sesi (the animal voice)

The sort of the voice has been expressed. It can be supposed an answer to the question "What kind of voice?"

 

ses+ler(plural)--->sesler (voices)

hayvan sesler+i-->hayvan sesleri (the animal voices)

 

Hayvan sesleri duyuyorduk. (We were hearing animal voices)

Hayvanın sesi çok korkunçtu, hayvan sanırım hastaydı. (The voice of the animal was so awful, the animal was -i think- sick)

 

sözcük (the word)

tür, cins (the kind, the sort)

 

sözcük tür+i---->sözcük türü (the word sort)

The sort of the sort

Türkçede sekiz sözcük türü var. (There are eight word sorts in Turkish)

 

deniz (the sea)

su (the water)

 

deniz su+i ----> deniz suyu (the sea water)

The sort of the water has been expressed. "What kind of water?"

 

ırmak (the river)

ırmak su+i---->ırmak suyu (the river water)

 

gül (the rose)

yaprak (the leaf)

 

gül yaprak+ı -----> gül yaprağı (the rose leaf)

"What kind of leaf?"

 

banyo (1the bathroom, 2the bath)

havlu (the towel)

 

banyo havlu+i---->banyo havlusu (the bath towel)

 

hükümet (the government)

karar (the decision)

 

hükümet karar+ı ----> hükümet kararı (the government decision)

 

elma (the apple)

ağaç (the tree)

 

elma ağaç+ı ----> elma ağacı (the apple tree)

limon ağaç+ı ----> limon ağacı (the lemon tree)

 

okul (the school)

kütüphane (the library)

 

okul kütüphane+i---->okul kütüphanesi (the school library)

 

Türk (Turkish (nation))

bayrak (the flag)

 

Türk bayrak+ı ---> Türk bayrağı (the Turkish flag)

Fin bayrak+ı ---> Fin bayrağı (the Finnish flag)

Hollanda bayrak+ı ---> Hollanda bayrağı (the Holland flag)

 

yolcu (traveller)

gemi (the ship)

 

yolcu gemi+i ---> yolcu gemisi (the travel(ler) ship)

The sort of the ship has been told.

 

yaz (the summer)

tatil (the holiday)

 

yaz tatil+i---->yaz tatili (the summer holiday)

The sort of the holiday is being told.

 

edebiyat (literature)

Türk edebiyat+ı---->Türk edebiyatı ( the Turkish literature)

 

tarih (1history, 2date)

Türk tarih+i------>Türk tarihi (the Turkish history)

 

kültür (culture)

Anadolu kültür+i---->Anadolu kültürü (the Anatolian culture)

 

There are some words which are indefinite posessive determiners but have become a pattern.

 

ayak (the foot)

kap (the container)

 

ayak kap+ı--->ayak kabı--->ayakkabı (the shoe) (direct: the foot container)

 

kahve (the coffee)

renk (the colour)

 

kahve renk+i ----> kahve rengi--->kahverengi (brown) (direct: the coffee colour)

 

gök (the sky)

yüz (the face)

gök yüz+i--->gök yüzü ---> gökyüzü (the sky) (direct: the sky face)

 

2) Official foundations:

 

millî (national)

eğitim (education)

bakanlık (ministry)

 

Millî Eğitim Bakanlık+ı---->Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı (Ministry of National Education)

 

cumhuriyet (republic)

 

Türkiye Cumhuriyet+i---->Türkiye Cumhuriyeti (Turkish Republic)

 

Ankara Üniversite+i---->Ankara Üniversitesi (Ankara University)

 

3)

 

sayı (number)

 

Beş sayı+ı--->beş sayı (the number five)

 

How to conjugate the indefinite posessive determiners????

How to make plural??

 

What was the way?

elma (apple)

ağaç (tree)

elma ağaç+ı--->elma ağacı (apple tree)

 

even if we say "ağaçlar (trees)", the way won´t change.

elma ağaçlar+ı--->elma ağaçları (apple trees)

 

Remember the posessive suffixes:

-(i)m

-(i)n

-(s)i

-(i)miz

-(i)niz

-leri

 

cep telefon+i--->cep telefonu (mobile phone, pocket phone)

 

Remove the posessive sfx. of the 3rd person (-i)

 

cep telefonu

 

cep telefon+m--->cep telefonum (my pocket phone)

cep telefon+n---->cep telefonun

cep telefon+i----->cep telefonu

cep telefon+miz--->cep telefonumuz

cep telefon+niz---->cep telefonunuz

cep telefon+leri---->cep telefonları

 

cep telefonları (pocket phones)

cep telefonları

 

cep telefonlar+m--->cep telefonlarım (my pocket phones)

cep telefonlar+n---->cep telefonların

cep telefonlar+ı----->cep telefonları

cep telefonlar+miz--->cep telefonlarımız

cep telefonlar+niz--->cep telefonlarınız

cep telefonlar+leri--->cep telefonları

 

why not "cep telefonlarları"? Two "-lar"s would be too odd to hear. 


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