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Turkish Grammar-7: Adjectives-2

It is usually used with locative case. It never obeys to vowel harmonies except only a few exceptions.

 

sokak (the street)

kedi (the cat)

gürültü (the noise)

gürültü yapmak (to make noise)

 

sokak+de(locative)------------->sokakta (at the street)

sokak+de+ki------------------->sokaktaki

kedi+ler(plural)----------------->kediler (the cats)

 

sokaktaki kediler (the cats (which/that are) at the street)

 

Sokaktaki kediler bugün çok gürültü yapıyor. (The cats at the street are making noise too much today)

 

bahçe (the garden)

büyük (big)

ağaç (the tree)

asla (never)

kesmek (to cut)

 

ağaç+ı(accusative)------------>ağacı (the tree(accusative))

bahçe+de+ki------------------>bahçedeki

kes+me+iz-------------------->kesmeyiz (we don´t cut)

 

bahçedeki ağaç (the tree (which/that is) in the garden)

büyük ağaç (the big tree)

bahçedeki büyük ağaç (the big tree (which/that is) in the garden)

Bahçedeki büyük ağacı asla kesmeyiz. (We never cut the big tree in the garden)

 

köy (the village)

akraba (the relative)

uzun (long)

zaman (the time)

 

köy+de(locative)+ki akraba+lar(plural)+mız(possessive)--------->köydeki akrabalarımız (our relatives in the village)

 

Köydeki akrabalarımızı uzun zamandır görmedik. (We haven´t met our relatives who are in the village for a long time) (direct: We didn´t see.......)

 

yer (1the place, 2the floor)

kalem (the pencil, the pen, .....)

 

yer+de+ki kalem+i ver- ---------->

Yerdeki kalemi ver (give the pencil that is on the floor)

 

hastane (the hospital)

(1the work, 2the job, 3the business, 4the task, 5things to do)

bitirmek (to finish (transitive))

-den sonra (after ...)

gelmek (to come)

 

hastane+de+ki iş+miz+i bitirdik+den sonra gel+ecek+iz---------->

Hastanedeki işimizi bitirdikten sonra geleceğiz. (We will come after we finish the work that is at hospital)

 

ön (the frontside)

çocuk (the child)

kim (who)

 

ön+miz+de+ki çocuk kim ------------>

Önümüzdeki çocuk kim? (Who is the child in front of us?)

 

apartman (the building)

herkes (everybody)

yaz (the summer)

yazın (in summer)

geç (late)

yatmak (1to lie, 2to go to bed)

 

apartman+da+ki herkes yazın geç yat+r --------->

Apartmandaki herkes yazın geç yatar. (Everybody in this building go to the bed late in the summer.)

 

If I don´t remember false, I have said we don´t use locative case while expressing the time of the day. It is also the same when using "-ki".

 

sabahki, öğlenki, ikindinki, akşamki, geceki

 

It is also the same for the words we don´t use with locative case. For example:

yarın, dün, bugün, geçen yıl, gelecek hafta, gelecek ay, vs...

-->yarınki, dünkü, bugünkü, geçen yılki, gelecek haftaki, gelecek ayki vs...

 

Yarınki maç saat yedide. (The match (that is) tomorrow is at seven (o´clock))

 

borç (the debt)

ödemek (to pay)

Geçen ayki borcunuzu ödememişsiniz. (You haven´t paid your debt (that was) last month)

 

önce (before, fore)

önce+ki-------->önceki (the previous one, previous)

sonra (later, after)

sonra+ki------->sonraki (the next one)

 

aşağı (below, the downside)

aşağıki=aşağıdaki (the below one)

yukarı, üst (the upside, above)

yukarıki=yukarıdaki=üstteki (the above one)

 

aşağıdaki soru (the question (that/which is) below)

yukarıdaki paragraf (the paragraph (that/which is) above)

Aşağıdaki soruları yukarıdaki paragrafa göre cevaplayın. (Answer the questions below according to the paragraph above)

 

alışkanlık (the habit)

Bu bizim her günkü alışkanlığımız. (This is our habit of everyday.)

 

Did you see the suffix "-ki" obeys to vowel harmonies at the words "gün" and "dün"?

 

INTERROGATIVE ADJECTIVES

 

hangi (which)

kaç/kaç tane (how many)

ne kadar (how much)

nasıl (how)

 

ülke (the country)

bayrak (the flag)

 

o hangi ülke+in bayrak+ı --------------------->

O hangi ülkenin bayrağı? (Which country´s flag is it?)

 

üniversite (the university)

okumak (1to read, 2to study (at a school))

 

hangi üniversite+de oku+yor+sin--------------->

Hangi üniversitede okuyorsun? (Which university are you studying?)

 

ekmek (the bread)

lâzım=gerek=gerekli (necessary)

 

Ne kadar ekmek lâzım? (How much bread is necessary?)

 

sınıf (the class, the classroom)

öğrenci (the student)

 

sınıf+da kaç öğrenci var ----------------->

Sınıfta kaç öğrenci var? (How many students are there in the classroom?)

 

konferans (the conference)

kişi (the person)

katılmak (to join)

 

konferans+a(dative) kaç kişi katıl+acak-------------->

Konferansa kaç kişi katılacak? (How many people will join the conference? (direct: .......to the conference))

 

bir (1one, 2a/an, 3....4.....5....)

ev (the house, the home)

almak (1to take, 2to buy, 3to receive, ......)

 

nasıl bir ev al+dı+lar------------->

Nasıl bir ev aldılar? (How a house have they bought?)


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