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var/yok -2

You should remember the possessive suffixes.

 

GENITIVE NOUN "var" to have something
GENITIVE NOUN "yok" not to have something

 

olmak (to be)

bir şey (something)

bir şey+i(poss.)---------------->bir şeyi (something of him/it/her)

bir şeyi olmak (to have (got) something)

 

"olmak" becomes "var" and "yok" in the present simple, present continuous and past tenses for the meaning of possession.

 

kız (the girl)

kardeş (the sibling)

 

kız kardeş+m(posessive)------->kız kardeşim (my sister)

abla (older sister)

abla+m(posessive)------------->ablam (my older sister)

 

Kız kardeşim yok (1 I have no sister. 2 My sister is absent)

Ablam yok. (1 I have no older sister. 2 My older sister is absent)

 

You may get doubt, if a meaning ambiguity happens. Don´t worry, it is understood easily according to the situation.

 

-Kaç kardeşin var? (How many siblings do you have?)

-Üç. (Three)

-Kız kardeşin var mı? (Have you got sister?)

-Hayır, kız kardeşim yok. (No, I have no sister.)

 

şu anda , şimdi (at the moment)

şimdi (now)

 

-Kız kardeşini çağırabilir misin? (Can you call your sister?)

-Çağıramam. Kız kardeşim şu anda yok. (I can´t call. My sister is absent at the moment. (namely: she isn´t here))

 

çok (1many, 2too, 3very, 4much, 5poli-, ...)

uzun (1long, 2tall)

saç (the hair)

 

çok uzun saç (too long hair)

saç+n(possessive)------------->saçın (your hair)

 

Çok uzun saçın var. (You have too long hair.)

 

onların (their)

hiç (never, ever)

para (the money)

 

para+ı(possessive)------------->parası (his money)

 

Onların hiç parası yok. (They have no money)

 

ev (the house)

beş (five)

oda (the room)

 

ev+in(genitive)----------------->evin (of the house)

oda+ı(poss.)------------------->odası (its room)

 

Evin beş odası var. (The house has five rooms)

 

hiç (never, ever)

hata (the mistake, the error)

 

hata+mız----------------------->hatamız (our mistake)

 

Hiç hatamız yok. (We have no mistake.)

 

boş (empty)

zaman (the time)

 

boş zaman (spare time, free time)

 

zaman+n(pos.)----------------->zamanın (your time)

 

Boş zamanın var mı? (Do you have spare time?)

 

iskele (the pier)

ora (that place, there)

martı (the seagull)

kafe (the café)

... diye (called ...)

altı (six)

yıl, sene (the year)

önce (1before, 2ago)

kapatmak (to close (transitive))

 

altı yıl (six years)

altı yıl önce (six years ago)

 

(somewhere)+genitive ora ((environs of (somewhere), around (somewhere))

iskele+in ora---------------------->iskelenin ora (the area of the pier, around the pier, near the pier)

 

iskele+in ora+da------------------>iskelenin orada (in the area of the pier, around the pier, near the pier)

 

Martı Kafe diye (called Martı Kafe)

Martı Kafe diye bir kafe (a café called Martı Kafe)

kafe+miz------------------------->kafemiz (our café)

kafemiz vardı (we had a café)

 

kapat+di(simple past)+k---------->kapattık (we closed)

 

İskelenin orada Martı Kafe diye bir kafemiz vardı; altı yıl önce kapattık. (We used to have a café called Martı Kafe, we closed (it) six years ago.)

 

eskiden (in the past, formerly)

kısa (short)

sarı (yellow)

saç (the hair)

ama, fakat (but)

uzatmak (to lengthen (transitive))

siyah (black)

boyatmak (to make/get smth. painted)

 

saç+lar(plural)+i(poss.)----------->saçları (her/his hair(s))

kısa, sarı saçları vardı (she used to have short and yello w hair)

 

uzat+miş-------------------------->uzatmış

 

siyah+e(dative)-------------------->siyaha (to the black)

 

siyaha boyamak (to paint in black (direct: to paint to black))

 

boyat+mış------------------------->boyatmış

 

Eskiden kısa, sarı saçları vardı ama uzatmış ve siyaha boyatmış (She used to have formerly short and yellow hair but she has lengthened and made (them) painted in black)

 

Mehmet (a Turkish male name)

lise (the high school)

kötü (bad)

huy (the habit)

şimdi (now, at the moment)

de/da (also, too)

 

Mehmet+in(genitive)-------------->Mehmet´in (of Mehmet)

lise+de(locative)------------------>lisede (at high school)

kötü bir huy (a bad habit)

huy+i(poss.)--------------------->huyu (his habit)

yok idi---------------------------->yoktu (there wasn´t)

şimdi de (now too)

 

Mehmet´in lisedeyken kötü bir huyu yoktu, şimdi de yok. (Mehmet didn´t use to have any bad habit while at high school, he hasn´t now too)

 

dört (four)

ay (1the moon, 2the month)

önce (1before, 2ago)

araba (the car)

 

araba+n(poss.)------------------>araban (your car)

araban yok mu idi---------------->araban yok muydu (didn´t you have a car)

 

Dört ay önce araban yok muydu? (Didn´t you have a car four months ago?)

 

telefon (the telephone)

niye (why)

onlar (they)

aramak (1to look for, 2to call (by phone), 3....4..)

telefon etmek (to give sb. call)

 

telefon+miz---------------------->telefonumuz (our telephone)

yok mu idi----------------------->yok mu idi (wasn´t there)

ara+ma(negation)+di(smp. past)+k-------->aramadık (we didn´t call)

et+me+di+k-------------------------------> etmedik (we didn´t make)

onlar+ı(accusative)-------------------------> onları (them)

onlar+a(dative)----------------------------> onlara (to them)

 

Telefonumuz yok muydu, onları niye aramadık? (Didn´t we have a telephone, why didn´t we call them?)

Telefonumuz yok muydu, onlara niye telefon etmedik? (Didn´t we have a telephone, why didn´t we give them a call?)




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View all lessons in this class - The GRAMMAR Garden OF MEHMET111

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