I struggle with the attached pronoun could someone briefly explain how it works.

For instance, parmaklarımı.

 Email mesajımı aldın mı?

I understand the suffix "im/um" etc indicating possesion but i don´t fully understand the attachement ı as in the examples above.

Thank You very much for your time.

This is the accusative form of a noun, and answers the question "Neyi?", and it is applied to the noun with an addition of -i...  I hope it helps.

ı in your example is this ı that we add to a word or phrase which is direct object of the sentence. Direct object receives the action of a transative verb.

Email (mesajım)+ı aldın mı? 

Here are some more examples to make it clear:

Onu ara - Call him

Gözlerini aç - Open your eyes

Beni dinle - Listen to me

Şunu gördün mü? - Did you see that?

(Bütün bu dedikleriniz)i biliyorum - I know (all what you said)

(yukarıda verilen örnekler)i incelersen onlara benzeyen bir cümleyle karşılaştığında pek sıkıntı çekmezsin - If you study (the examples given above), you should not have much trouble when you come across sentences like them.

scalpel thank you so much