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how to construct sentences with...
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| 1. |
04 Jan 2006 Wed 09:19 am |
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can any1 pls tell how to make up sentences with the followings??
1. have to:
e.g. i have to get along with my passport for travel.
2. should:
e.g. i should get along with my passport for travel.
3. need to:
e.g. i need to get along with my passport for travel.
4. must:
e.g. i must get along with my passport for travel.
5. may:
e.g. i may get along with my passport for travel.
and, are there any criteria for constructing sentences with these words(have to, need to, should, must, may)?? 
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| 2. |
04 Jan 2006 Wed 10:49 am |
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Quoting lululy: can any1 pls tell how to make up sentences with the followings??
1. have to:
e.g. i have to get along with my passport for travel.
Seyahat etmek için pasaport işlerini halletmek zorundayım.
2. should:
e.g. i should get along with my passport for travel.
Seyahat etmek için pasaport işlerini halletmem gerekirdi.
3. need to:
e.g. i need to get along with my passport for travel.
Seyahat etmek için pasaport işlerini halletmem gerekiyor.
4. must:
e.g. i must get along with my passport for travel.
Seyahat etmek için pasaport işlerini halletmek zorundayım.
5. may:
e.g. i may get along with my passport for travel.
Seyahat etmek için pasaport işlerini halledebilirim.
and, are there any criteria for constructing sentences with these words(have to, need to, should, must, may)?? |
That's a very good question which could be a topic of a lesson if somebody would have write it.
1.
must > zorunda olmak (zorundasın, zorundayım etc)
I must go. > Gitmek zorundayım
You must stay here. > Burada durmak zorundasın.
The negative changes the meaning completely and tells us that something is forbidden.
must not > -me+meli (koşmamalı, gitmemeli, yapmamalı Here -me is the negative while -meli expresses neccessity.
You must not move. > Haraket etmemelisin.
2.
have to > a. zorunda olmak b. gerekli olmak
You have to go. >
a. Gitmek zorundasın. (You must go)
b. Gitmen gerekiyor. (You need to go)
I can't find a better translation for have to. So either I translate it as must to or need to when affirmative.
The negative can be build same way.
You don't have to go. >
a. Gitmek zorunda değilsin. (You don't have to go. Obviously this can't be translated with must not and vice versa)
b. Gitmen gerekmiyor. (You don't need to go)
3.
need to > gerekli olmak
You need to go. > Gitmen gerekiyor.
I need to go. > Gitmem gerekiyor.
Negative can be build the same way:
You don't need to go. > Gitmen gerekmiyor.
I don't need to go. > Gitmem gerekmiyor.
4. should
Depends on the meaning of English sentence. Has different usages in English thus varies in translation.
You should go. >
a. Gitmelisin (present)
b. Gitsen iyi olur. (present)
c. gitmeliydin (unreal past, now ,its too late to go)
You shouldn't go.
a. gitmemelisin (present)
b. gitmemeliydin. (unreal past: You shouldn't have gone)
Here notice that "gitmeliydin" and "gitmemeliydin" are unreal past expression where it is too late to act correctly now. Normally in English perfect temses would fit better in this situation but I think people tend to use present tense as well. For instance while "You shouldn't have done this" is the correct sentence for unreal past some may use "You shouldn't do this", thus I have included the unreal past meanings of should and shouldn't as and
5. may
I prefer to translate this with possibility expressions and the suffix is -ebil
You may go. > Gidebilirsin/Gidebilirsiniz.
You may sit here. > Burada oturabilirsin/oturabilirsiniz.
She might come. > Gelebilir.
The negative changes the meaning completely as in English "may not" is used like a polite way of "must not" if I understand correctly. Again if I understand correcty "may not" and "might not" have very different usages in English. I have seen "may not" used as warnings in the context of "Not possible to...", while "might not" sound to me more like "Possible not to...".
You may not enter. >
a. İçeri giremezsiniz. (It is not possible for you to enter)
b. İçeri girmeyiniz. (Please don't enter)
She might not come. > Gelmeyebilir. (There is a possibility that she is not going to come.)
You might not come. > Gelmeyebilirsin. (There is a possibility that you are not going to come.)
Notice that I'm using "may not" as the unpossibility to do something and "might not" as the possibility for something not to be done.
6. Shall
Shall we go? Gidelim mi?
All in all this is an advanced issue. I would suggest starting to practice with -meli -malı (nessassity suffixes).
gitmek > git > git+meli > git+meli+yim
to go > go > need to go > I need to go.
gitmeliyim > I need to go.
gitmelisin > You need to go.
But the negative with the netaive suffix -me and -ma (added like, me+meli ma+malı has a different meaning.
gitmemeliyim > I must not go.
gitmemelisin > You must not go.
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| 3. |
05 Jan 2006 Thu 12:48 pm |
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woo~ it's really difficult!! give me some times to try~
and how about using "can" to make up sentences??
for example, i can go now...???
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| 4. |
05 Jan 2006 Thu 04:42 pm |
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Quoting lululy: woo~ it's really difficult!! give me some times to try~
and how about using "can" to make up sentences??
for example, i can go now...??? |
According to WinMekMak, "I can go" is the potential present tense.
This which is formed with the potential suffix -ebil, the present continuous suffix -iyor and the first person possessive suffix -im
So:
gitmek - to go
git-ebil-iyor-im -> ben gidebiliyorum - I can go (now)
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| 5. |
09 Jan 2006 Mon 05:10 am |
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For "I can go", "Ben gidebilirim" is better as 'can' means possibility here. When you say it with present continuous it is like at the time of speech somebody was having fun with you and loughing at you she said, "Look at you, you can even go. Hey, everybody please look here to this poor creature, he can't even go." And the person responds "Ben gidebiliyorum" (I'm able to go. I'm not a crumple.)
The present continuous tense may used for 'can' as ability, but said that, still aorist tense is better for possibility and for general speech.
I can swim. > "Ben yüzebiliyorum." or "Ben yüzebilirim."
If the action is happening at the time of speech, then of coures present continuous tense would be correct.
-ebil , -abil : the ability suffix suits meets well the sentences with 'can'.
okumak : to read
oku+y+abil+mek : to be able to read
konuşmak: to speak
konuş+abil+mek: to be able to speak
Türkçe konuşabilmek çok güzel.
(Sen) Türkçe konuşabilir misin?
(Sen) Türkçe konuşabiliyor musun?
I can do this.
Bunu ben yapabilirim.
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| 6. |
09 Jan 2006 Mon 03:15 pm |
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Quoting erdinc: (Sen) Türkçe konuşabilir misin?
(Sen) Türkçe konuşabiliyor musun? |
Thank you for the explanation 
Would these be correct translations then?
Türkçe konuşabilir misin?
"Can you generally speak Türkçe?"
Türkçe konuşabiliyor musun?
"Can you speak Türkçe right now?"
Saat biryi on geçiyor
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| 7. |
09 Jan 2006 Mon 03:18 pm |
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No, both have a general meaning.
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