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The ancient city of Bodrum (Halikarnassos) is thought to have been founded around 1,000 BC by Dorian settlers from Greece. Later the city became part of the Hexapolic Union, known as the Dorian league. According to Herodotus, however, it was expelled when a Halikarnassan contestant in a sporting contest insisted on keeping the trophy he had been awarded, instead of dedicating it to God Apollo.
The city was captured by the Lydians in the first half of the 6th century BC and then by the Persians in 546 BC after which it was ruled by the Satrapy of Saird. In 386 BC, the Persians took complete control of the Carian region (southwest Anatolia). Then in 377 BC Mausolos, the most famous of the Carian satrapies, took control of the region. He ordered the construction of many cities and moved his capital from Milas to Halikarnassos. Mausolos enlarged his new capital by bringing in people from other cities in the region and constructing new walls, palaces, theaters and temples.
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