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i,ý,ü,u + m (but not meaning I am or mine)
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20 Feb 2009 Fri 02:01 am |
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There are a fair number of words that end in iýüu + m where it is a noun but with no first person associated with it. examples are
bakým, yorum, durum, adým, dönüm, dürüm. They mean
attention, subject, situation, footstep, period of time (that recurs), and something rolled or folded up.
They all consist of a verb root with the i/ý/ü/ü +m ending, but I have never seen a grammar or lesson that discusses these words. Does anyone have a comprehensive list of these words? Otherwise whenever I seen a word ending like this its hard to know if its 1st person possessive, 1 person "to be" or one of these others. Thanks.
Edited (2/20/2009) by Uzun_Hava
[forgot about dürüm]
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20 Feb 2009 Fri 06:01 am |
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There are a fair number of words that end in iýüu + m where it is a noun but with no first person associated with it. examples are
bakým, yorum, durum, adým, dönüm, dürüm. They mean
attention, subject, situation, footstep, period of time (that recurs), and something rolled or folded up.
They all consist of a verb root with the i/ý/ü/ü +m ending, but I have never seen a grammar or lesson that discusses these words. Does anyone have a comprehensive list of these words? Otherwise whenever I seen a word ending like this its hard to know if its 1st person possessive, 1 person "to be" or one of these others. Thanks.
Lewis in his "Turkish Grammar" discusses that topic. He calls those nouns "deverbal nouns" and gives more examples:
içim (draught), yudum (swallow, mouthful), dilim (slice), doðum (birth), ölüm (death), tutum (thrift, behavior), basým (printing), bilim (science), deyim (expression), durum, yatýrým (investment)
He also says those nouns usually denote a single action of that verb. Unfortunately he doesn´t say a whole lot more (it´s in a chapter on word formation about different suffixes), but it´s a start.
Also, to help differentiate, the -im/-ým/-um/-üm ending would be equivalent to "to be" ending or possessive. You usually attach those endings to nouns or adjectives (güzelim, kadýným, etc), you wouldn´t attach it directly to the verb stem - so if you see a verb stem with that ending it might indicate that it´s that "deverbal noun".
For example:
to die: öl-mek
dead: ölü;
I am dead: ölü-(y)üm
death: öl-üm
my death - ölüm-üm
I´m dying: öl-üyor-um; I died: öl-düm, etc.
As you can see only the noun death has that ending attached directly to stem.
Edited (2/20/2009) by Melek74
Edited (2/20/2009) by Melek74
Edited (2/20/2009) by Melek74
Edited (2/20/2009) by Melek74
Edited (2/20/2009) by Melek74
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20 Feb 2009 Fri 07:09 am |
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I found a few more examples in "Gokkuþaðý Türkçe" under "fiilden isim yapan ekleri".
sayým (count, ennumeration), çizim (drawing), yýkým (destruction, disaster), çözüm (solution), kesim (cutting), yazým (writing, spelling), duyum (sensation), verim (yield, output), bölüm (portion, part, chapter)
So those nouns are not so unique.
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20 Feb 2009 Fri 09:40 am |
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Öf Melek! Do you have life away from TC!? Just kidding, thank for the reference to Lewis. 
I never read the "word formation" chapter from the beginning and I didn´t think to look there. One my other books warned (about word formation). "You need to know work formation is done in Turkish, but just because there are ´rules´ for forming words doesn´t mean that native speakers would actually use them in every case, in other words, ´don´t try this at home´ hey hey.
Edited (2/20/2009) by Uzun_Hava
[addition comment]
Edited (2/24/2009) by Uzun_Hava
[fix spelling]
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