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When you study Turkish syntax one of the first things you have to forget about is the whole idea of subordinate clauses. What is said using subordinate clauses in English, for instance, is verbalized by participle and infinitive structures, -se-/-sa-tense, sometimes by lexical means and suffixes like -iken and -ki. In other words, the job we have given to subordinate clauses is split into many pieces in Turkish. I guess this is what different language structure means: you can´t even use the same headlines when you discuss it.
They are all difficult for me but I noticed there is a special gap in my knowledge what comes to indirect questions. I tried a small series of sentences just for fun. I´m not sure about them (please, correct me), but I think I understand roughly how to build them. Except one: How is a mi/mı/mu/mü -question "drowned" as a modifier into the sentence?
Two ways:
I don’t know if he is coming to the party this evening.
Onun bu akşam partiye gelip gelmeyeceğini bilmiyorum.
or
O bu akşam partiye gelecek mi bilmiyorum.
The first one may seem harder to you. It´s like building a subclause using the verb as "V-ip V-ma-/V-me-" (repeat of verb as negative).
Gidecek = he is going (to the party)
gid-eceğini biliyorum = I know that he is going (to the party)
gid-ip git-me-yeceğini bilmiyorum = I don´t know if he is going (to the party)
Second one is easier as it only requires adding "mi" question particle without altering the sentence.
Gidecek = he is going (to the party)
Gidecek mi bilmiyorum = I don´t know if he is going (to the party)
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