This is my attempt to translate this song, but it is possible to make mistakes (I feel I did not get right some meanings), it would be best to be verified by a native speaker:

Arzu ederdiniz bir yol görmeye  /  We would like to see a way
Bugün bize hoş geldiniz erenler  /  Today we welcome the prosperity
Muhabbet bağında güller dermeye  /  A talk in the vineyard is opening awareness among roses
Bugün bize hoş geldiniz erenler  /  Today we welcome the prosperity

Tarihler boyunca bir milletiz biz  /  We are a nation throughout history
İlimde dünyaya vermiş idik hız  /  We were given to the world in knowledge and speed
Büyük bir babanın torunlarıyız  /  We are the heirs of our great father
Bugün bize hoş geldiniz erenler  /  Today we welcome the prosperity

İyi insan olmak her şeyin başı  /  "To be a good person" is in everybody´s mind
Kardeş biliyoruz her vatandaşı  /  We consider each fellow countryman as our sibling
Anmak için hey dost Hacı Bektaş´ı  /  Friends, let´s commemorate Hacı Bektaş
Bugün bize hoş geldiniz erenler  /  Today we welcome the prosperity

Hisse alın Çırakman´ın sözünden  /  We find lessons in Çırakman´s words
Zerre kaçmaz ariflerin gözünden  /  We hide the tears in our eyes
Kemal Atatürk´ün aydın izinden  /  On the enlightened footsteps of Kemal Atatürk
Bugün bize hoş geldiniz erenler  /  Today we welcome the prosperity

Eren = literally "enlightened one", used for dervishes or saints or other holy men

arzu ederdiniz: you had wanted / you had wished for / you would have liked

 Baş means head, it also means the start. Here you need to think of it as the start

"To be a good person is the beginning of everything"

or maybe more naturally in English

The beginning of everything is to be a good person

Zerre is like an electron or atom or tiniest jot

Arif is another word like eren, and it means the wise one or sage

Lit:

The atom doesn´t escape the eye of the sage

Natural:

Not the tiniest jot escapes the eye of a sage

 Today we welcome you, holy ones

or

Today you are welcome among us, saints

Thanks a lot Marionin Turkey! Really some difference of meaning from I thought...

What about

Muhabbet bağında güller dermeye  /  A talk in the vineyard is opening awareness among roses

and

İlimde dünyaya vermiş idik hız  /  We were given to the world in knowledge and speed

Are these translations good?

 This are very hard because the whole thing is a religious poem for Hacı Bektaşı and so has lots of poetic similes etc.

They are all idiomatic. You also have to tie the lines in with each other. e.g.

Muhabbet bağında güller dermeye .. hoşgeldiniz

I would say as:

Welcome to gathering roses in the garden of conversation

Hız vermek: to accelerate, to make something speed up, made it more exciting

If I change the word order (it is poetic) in İlimde dünyaya vermiş idik hız 

to İlimde dünyaya hız vermiştik

I would say:

We made the world more exciting in science

But I am not 100% sure about this one!

Very interesting, thank you for your effort to find ways for expressing this in English.

Muhabbet is "conversation" as you said. But it has a secondary meaning too. And it is "love".