We can say

eli açık bir dost ‘a generous friend’

anlaşılması zor bir kitap ‘a recondite book’

saklaması kolay mal ‘storable goods’

where the construction ‘it’s [Noun] is [Adjective]’ is used as an attribute in front of the modified noun.

Can we use the same adjective as a predicative or do we have to turn the whole sentence around? (It is also possible that for some petrified combinations it works but productively it isn’t possible.) Is it ok to say

?Dostum eli açık.

?Bu kitab anlaşılması zor.

?Mal saklaması kolay.

Dictionaries often give these alternatives to unsuspecting searchers but I am not sure if there are limitations in their syntactic use or not.

(Bu ) Dostumun eli açık

Bu kitabın anlaşılması zor

Bu malın saklanması kolay

Good. The funny thing in these expressions  -  especially the first one  - is that they have taken an abstract meaning but syntactically they act like they never stepped to the path of lexicalization. Turkish specialities.

Thank you, scalpel.

please can you tell me the difference between

dost

dostum

arkadaş

many thanks,

dostum is dost + um, ´my friend´.

Both arkadaş and dost mean ´a friend´. dost means ´a lover, mistress´ also but I never noticed using it brings up any false connotations. arkadaş is an original Turkish word, literally ´the one who stands behind you´, dost is of Persian origin.

I am sure someone can tell you more.

Agree with Abla´s comments.

Dost also has a closer meaning, like a really good and true friend. You can have lots of arkadaşlar (especially on Facebook ), but would have only a few dostlar.

arkadaş is also used in compound as in iş arkadaşlarım (my friends from work = work colleagues) okul arkadaşlarım etc but I haven´t heard dost used in this way.

Thansk a lot for your explanation!!!!!

Please I have one more question....

I thought, that there is always suffix ım used for my, mine

arkadaş - arkadaşım

can someone tell me please, what is the principle of these suffisex (dostum).

Thanks a lot.

See the lesson here on possessive pronouns

The suffixes for 1st person (depending on vowel harmony with the final vowel in the noun) are im/ım/um/üm or just m if the noun ends in a vowel.

kedi (cat) + m = kedim (my cat)

arkadaş + ım = arkadaşım (my friend)

kopek + im = Kopeğim (my dog)

dost + um = dostum (my dear friend)

okul + um = okulum (my school)

şoför + üm = şoförüm (my chauffer/driver)

many thanks!!!!