Could have ve would have aynı manayı mı veriyor?
I would have written - yazabilirdim
I could have written - yazabilirdim
arasındaki fark ne?
Aslında aynı manayı vermiyor.
We can use ´could have´ to talk about something somebody was capable of doing but didn´t do.
- I could have gone to Oxford University but I preferred Harvard.
- She could have married him but she didn´t want to.
- They could have bought a house here 20 years ago but chose not to.
Often, there is a sense of criticism.
- You could have phoned me to let me know.
- They could have helped me instead of just sitting there.
- I could have done more to help you. Sorry.
We can use ´couldn´t have´ to talk about something we were not capable of doing.
- I couldn´t have managed without you.
- I couldn´t have got the job. He was always going to appoint his nephew.
- I couldn´t have enjoyed myself more. Thank you for a lovely day.
We can use ´could have´ to speculate about what has happened. (We can also use ´may have´ or ´might have´ in these situations.)
- She could have taken the earlier train.
- Simon could have told her.
- They could have overheard what we said.
We can also use ´can have´ to speculate about what has happened but only in questions and negative sentences and with words such as ´hardly´, ´never´ and ´only´.
- Can she have forgotten about our meeting?
- He can´t have seen us.
- They can hardly have thought that I was not interested in the job.
We can also use ´could have´ to speculate about something that didn´t happen.
- You could have broken your neck, jumping out the window like that.
- He could have hurt somebody, throwing a bottle out of the window like that.
- I could have done well in my exam if I´d worked harder.
You can also use ´could have´ to talk about possible present situations that have not happened.
- I could have been earning a lot as an accountant but the work was just too boring.
- He could have been Prime Minister now but he got involved in a big financial scandal.
- They could have been the market leaders now if they had taken his advice.
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Third conditional
We can use the Third Conditional to talk about ´impossible´ conditions, impossible because they are in the past and we cannot change what has happened.
- If I had worked harder at school, I would have got better grades.
- If I had had time, I would have gone to see him. But I didn´t have time.
- If we had bought that house, we would have had to rebuild the kitchen.
- If we had caught the earlier train, we would have got there on time but we were late.
Notice that the main clause can contain ´would´, ´could´ or ´might.
- If I had seen him at the meeting, I would have asked him. (But he wasn´t there so I didn´t.)
- If I had seen him at the meeting, I could have asked him. ( But he wasn´t there so it wasn´t possible.)
- If I had seen him at the meeting, I might have asked him. (But I´m not sure. Perhaps if the opportunity had arisen.)
- If I had paid more attention in class, I would have understood the lesson.
Also notice that sometimes the ´if clause´ is implied rather than spoken.
- I´d have done it. ("if you had asked me but you didn´t.")
- I wouldn´t have said that. ("if I´d been there.")
- He wouldn´t have let him get away with that. ("if he had tried that with me.")
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So my understanding is ;
Kalemim olsaydı ona mektup yazardım ---> If I had a pen I would have written a letter to him.[ I wasnt able to write him a letter because I didnt have a pen ]
Ona mektup yazabilirdin ---> You could have written a letter to him [ You had a chance to write him a letter, but you didnt]