Language |
|
|
|
The Yielding Vowel in Some Stems
|
1. |
23 Apr 2012 Mon 06:33 pm |
In words like
gönül ,-nlü 1. heart; mind. 2. inclination, desire, willingness.
boyun ,-ynu 1. neck. 2. cervix. 3. geog. pass, defile. 4. responsibility.
koyun ,-ynu 1. bosom, breast, 2. arms, embrace.
in which forms of the paradigm does the stem vowel disappear? In all cases sg and pl? What if a possessive suffix is added, does the vowel go or stay?
|
|
2. |
23 Apr 2012 Mon 07:06 pm |
In words like
gönül ,-nlü 1. heart; mind. 2. inclination, desire, willingness.
boyun ,-ynu 1. neck. 2. cervix. 3. geog. pass, defile. 4. responsibility.
koyun ,-ynu 1. bosom, breast, 2. arms, embrace.
in which forms of the paradigm does the stem vowel disappear? In all cases sg and pl? What if a possessive suffix is added, does the vowel go or stay?
The last vowel in the stem in fact being concealed temporarly , it is disappearing from sight but not for good. Since that vowel is put back when we use 3.person plural as in example below ;
boyun --> neck
boynum --> my neck
boynun ---> your neck
boynu ----> his/her/its neck
boynumuz --> our neck
boyunları ----> their neck
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
boynumda --> in[on] my neck boyunlarında --> in their neck
boynumdan --> from my neck boyunlarından --> from their neck
boynumu ---> accusative case boyunlarını ----> accusative case
boynuma ---> dative case boyunlarına ---> dative case
As you see in all cases , the last vowel in the stem disappears temporarly and comes back when we use with 3.Plural person [Onlar]
|
|
3. |
23 Apr 2012 Mon 07:49 pm |
Ok, clear. But what if there was no possessive suffix but the case ending was attached straight to the stem?
NOM gönül
ACC gönl|ü
DAT gönl|e
LOC gönül|de
ABL gönül|den
GEN gönül|ün,
is it?
And it looks to me like the form given in the dictionary
gönül ,-nlü <----- here 1. heart; mind. 2. inclination, desire, willingness.
is the accusative.
|
|
4. |
23 Apr 2012 Mon 09:02 pm |
Ok, clear. But what if there was no possessive suffix but the case ending was attached straight to the stem?
NOM gönül
ACC gönl|ü
DAT gönl|e
LOC gönül|de
ABL gönül|den
GEN gönül|ün,
is it?
And it looks to me like the form given in the dictionary
gönül ,-nlü <----- here 1. heart; mind. 2. inclination, desire, willingness.
is the accusative.
If the case ending attached straight to the stem as in your example would be as follows;
NOM gönül
ACC gönlü ----------> Gönlü günahlardan temizlemek zor iş
DAT gönüle -----> ´ Orhan Gazi´nin nasihatı 600 yıl boyunca gönülden gönüle ulaştı. ´
LOC gönülde
ABL gönülden
GEN gönlün
|
|
5. |
23 Apr 2012 Mon 10:05 pm |
Thank you, tunci. Now there is a model here for everyone to follow. Trying to figure out the ruling on my own has cost me a good headache. The forms look so similar that you sometimes need to see them in a sentence before you can be sure. They even get mixed with other stems: boyun and boy with certain set of grammatical markers look so much the same sometimes in my eyes...
Learners of Turkish have been coddled with too much regularity I guess.
|
|
6. |
24 Apr 2012 Tue 12:07 am |
Thank you, tunci. Now there is a model here for everyone to follow. Trying to figure out the ruling on my own has cost me a good headache. The forms look so similar that you sometimes need to see them in a sentence before you can be sure. They even get mixed with other stems: boyun and boy with certain set of grammatical markers look so much the same sometimes in my eyes...
Learners of Turkish have been coddled with too much regularity I guess.
Good example, If we close our eyes and pick up the word "boy" from its context with genitive case attached , we would be left clueless about the meaning, such as ;
possible meanings of boyun ;
1.boyun --> Could be nominal case of the word " neck "
2.boyun --> Could be genitive case of "tribe"
Boyun genel özelliği cesur, mert ve savaşcı olmasıydı.
Warrior, redblooded and braveness was the general characteristic of the tribe.
3. boyun ---> Could be genitive case of the word "hight", "tall". [your hight ]
Boyun kaç ?
How tall are you ? [literally "how much is your tall ?]
Edited (4/24/2012) by tunci
|
|
7. |
24 Apr 2012 Tue 11:00 pm |
Ok, clear. But what if there was no possessive suffix but the case ending was attached straight to the stem?
NOM gönül
ACC gönl|ü
DAT gönl|e
LOC gönül|de
ABL gönül|den
GEN gönül|ün,
is it?
And it looks to me like the form given in the dictionary
gönül ,-nlü <----- here 1. heart; mind. 2. inclination, desire, willingness.
is the accusative.
In such stuations, if the words like "gönül, boyun, alın, ağız, kalp etc." takes a wovel, the second wovel from the stem is dropped. Examples:
boyun: boynu, boyna
alın: alnı, alna
ağız: ağzı, ağza
gönül: gönlü, gönle
kalp: kalbi, kalbe
It doesn´t matter wherher it is accusative or dative, the rule is the same as I explained above. But you should know the specific words which obey this rule.
|
|
8. |
24 Apr 2012 Tue 11:19 pm |
Why does it look like words of this type are so often names of body parts?
It seems that you two disagree about the dative form. Google gave hits for both
gönülden gönüle AND
gönülden gönle
but the previous were much much more.
Edited (4/24/2012) by Abla
|
|
9. |
24 Apr 2012 Tue 11:37 pm |
Why does it look like words of this type are so often names of body parts?
It seems that you two disagree about the dative form. Google gave hits for both
gönülden gönüle AND
gönülden gönle
but the previous were much much more.
What I have explained in my previous post is the garmmatical rule, but sometimes in some cases -as you have mentioned here one of them- you can witness the different usage and they are exceptions.
The important thing here, the rule in my explanation is very easy to learn. The such words are so less in number and if you learn them and the rule I explained above you will not face any difficulty for using them.
|
|
10. |
24 Apr 2012 Tue 11:48 pm |
What I have explained in my previous post is the garmmatical rule, but sometimes in some cases -as you have mentioned here one of them- you can witness the different usage and they are exceptions.
The important thing here, the rule in my explanation is very easy to learn. The such words are so less in number and if you learn them and the rule I explained above you will not face any difficulty for using them.
As Metehan Hoca said, there are exceptional usages as in our case [dative case] we witness both ways and I ve gone for keeping the vowel. And in this particular case there is another subrule which is ;
These sort of words , if they are in reduplication form [ikileme] the vowel does not drop.Such as ;
Gönül gönüle
Gönülden gönüle
Ağız ağıza
Ağızdan ağıza
|
|
|