PREFIX IN TURKISH

Turkish is a language of suffix. There are no prefixes in Turkish however under the influence of foreign languages some words with "prefix" came into use in Turkish. Those words were adopted into Turkish. Some of them found its equivalent in Turkish.

Such as ;

Prefix

A  [greek prefix]

Anormal  ---> Abnormal

Aritmik  -----> Arrhythmic

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AN  [greek prefix]

Anonim -----> anonymous

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ANTİ  [greek prefix]

Antipatik ----> Antipathetic ---> We use also a Turkish word ´İtici´ for it.

Antidemokratik  ---> Antidemocratic

Antibiyotik  ---> Antibiotic

Antitez --------> antithesis   -----> Replaced with Turkish word "Karşısav" but still people use "Antitez".

Antisosyal ----> Antisocial

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DE - DES [ french prefix]

Deforme  -----> deformed

Demode  -------> old fashioned, out of fashion -----> We also use replaced it with "Modası geçmiş´

Deşifre -----> deciphered

Dejenere  -----> degenerate

Dezavantaj ----> disadvantage

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DİS  [greek prefix]

Diskalifiye ---> disqualification

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HYPO

Hipotez -------> hypothesis ---> ´Varsayım´  is the Turkish equıvalent  word that replaces with this word.

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MİKRO

Mikrofon ----> Mikrofon

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OTO

Otobiyografi  ----> autobiography ----> It can be replaced with "Öz yaşam öyküsü"

Otopsi     ---------> postmortem,  autopsy

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PAR, PARA

Paragraf  ----> paragraph

Paralel --------> parallel 

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PRO

Prova  ----------> rehearsal,

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RE

Reaksiyon -----> reaction---> "Tepki" is the word that we can replace with.

ETC.............

Although -In Turkish- the intensifying pre-attachments are claimed to be "prefix" however the general idea is to classify them as "prevoice" , as in the examples below ;

Bembeyaz   ----->  pure white, snow white, very white.

pespembe  ------> rose pink, very pink

masmavi  -------> deep blue, very blue

sımsıcak  ------->  very warm

sopsoğuk  -------> very cold

I wouldn´t consider them prefix inTurkish, if they cannot be applied to any word in Turkish.

Anti-madde

Mikro-kent

Mikro-yaşam

any other?

Maybe the Arabic gayri-?

Most of them are not productive, of course, maybe not even in their language of origin. But at least people who went to schools understand what anti- or oto- add to the meaning of the word.

You should consider it, Since they are ´prefix´. In other words borrowed words with ´prefix´. Some of them can be combined with Turkish words as in your examples above. But most of them are used in adapted form in Turkish.

By the way ´madde´ is not Turkish, it is an Arabic word.

No I shouldn´t. Because we don´t use it as a prefix in Turkish. We just import a foreign word with some prefix in it.

madde is a word in Turkish and anti prefix is applied to it in Turkish. We don´t import it from Arabic (I mean anti-madde not madde).

Abla,

As for gayri, I cannot think of any Turkish word it is applied to (If you know let me know). So I don´t consider it a prefix in Turkish either (It just appears in Arabic loans).

You are right, I can´t find any Turkish origin words combined with gayri.

But now we come to basic questions: aren´t kanuni, maddi, safi, ciddi Turkish words in your opinion?

Besides, I find examples of gayri used as an adjective, even a pronoun with Turkish possessive suffix. Just like başka. The dictionary gives

                             Gayri bir şey o.

                             Bu ilacın gayrisi yok.

We have kanuni and gayri-kanuni, ciddi and gayri-ciddi but they don´t enter Arabic from Turkish. They were both imported from Arabic.

Importing some words with some prefix in them doesn´t mean we have that prefix in our language functional. It means it´s  just another loan word.

If you read the thread carefully you will see that we are talking about  "prefixes" [foreign prefixes] that are in use in Turkish.[whether in combined form or adapted form] We don´t say that there is "Turkish prefix" in Turkish. Can you not see it ?

Who cares about foreign prefixes if they are NOT something functional in your language?

Maybe you but not everybody.