Great explanation. But don´t forget some nouns can take objects in Turkish. For example "bitirmiş" is an adjective verb. It can function as a noun but it can still take object.

Another example:

Okumayı bilen adam.

"bilen" is an adjective verb here. And okumayı is the object.

I think there are adjective verbs in English too. For example:

ongoing process

You see ongoing is an adjective but it is also a verb.

I have a question here. Can adjective verbs take objects in English? I guess they can´t because of structural differences. What is your opinion?

Participles and infinitives are neither pure verbs nor pure adjectives/nouns. They have features of both.

I cannot think about an example where an English verb functions as an adjective and takes and object. And I wonder if the reason could be put into words. I found a nice page about it but with no such examples:

                    http://www.langust.ru/unit_co/unit023c.shtml

Maybe our native English speakers can clarify it. Or si++. He wrote about these things in the "Gerunds" thread.

Thank you everyone, this was helpful. Herkese çok teşekkürler