You can´t exactly match the suffixes of two very different languages like Turkish and English.
But , if we had to find the closest suffixes,that may help you while translating, some of them are ;
*er, ar -----> -men,- man , -ici [ıcı , ucu,ücü]
This suffix -man [-men] makes some verbs nouns. [note ; not all verbs, some verbs ! ]
Verb stem + man [men] according to vowel harmony
Danışmak ---> To counsult, to advice ---- Danışman ---> Consultant, adviser
Öğretmek ---> To teach ------ Öğretmen ---> Teacher
Eğitmek -----> To educate ---- Eğitmen -----> Educater
Seçmek -------> To choose, to elect,to vote -----> Seçmen ----> Voter [in elections]
Icı
Yarat + ıcı ------> Yaratıcı ---> Creator
İzle + y + ici ---> İzleyici ---> Viewer
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The Suffix -MSI [-ımsı, -imsi, -umsu, ümsü ] -----> ish
This suffix comes especially to the end of colors and gives them the meaning of "likeness"
beyaz [white ] ----> beyazımsı [whitesh]
kırmızı [ red ] ------> kırmızımsı [ reddish ]
sarı [yellow ] -----> sarımsı [ yellowish ]
siyah [black] -------> siyahımsı [ blackish ]
pembe [ pink ] ------> pembemsi [ pinky,pinkish]
yeşil [green] --------> yeşilimsi [greenish ]
mor [ purple ] -------> morumsu [ purpleish]
mavi [blue] ----------> mavimsi [ blueish ]
* The suffix -msı also comes to some other words to give them "likeness " "littleness " such as ;
acı [bitter,hot] -----> acımsı [ bitterish , bit bitter ]
tatlı [sweet] --------> tatlımsı [ sweetish , bit sweet ]
ekşi [sour] -----------> ekşimsi [ sourish ]
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-able, -ible (like adorable, loveable, capable) ----> [il] -ebilir , -ası [esi]
Verb stem + passive mood marker + ebilir
Verb stem + esi,ası
Adorable --> Tapılası
curable ---> Tedavi et + il [passive marking]+ ebilir ----> tedavi edilebilir,
iyileştir + il [passive form] + ebilir --> iyileştirilebilir.
understandable ---> Anlaşılabilir
eatable --> ye + n [passive marking] + ebilir ---> yenebilir
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-less (like worthless, useless) ----> -sIz [siz , suz, süz ]
Worth + less ---> Kıymet + siz ----> Kıymetsiz
Use + less ---> Fayda + sız ---> Faydasız or Yararsız
Heart + less ---> Kalp + siz ---> Kalpsiz
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-ic (like academic) ----> - ik [* This one may match with its english equilant as we also use it as loanword and loansuffix ]
Academic ---> Akademik
Economic ----> Ekonomik
strategic ----> Stratejik
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-ian (like Jordanian, Syrian)
-lı, li , lu , lü IF it is used with some nationalities like them.
Suriye + li ----> Syrian
Ürdün + lü ----> Jordanian
Etiyopya + lı ---> Ethiyopian
-cı,ci IF they are describing some academic professions, such as:
Historian ----> Tarihçi
Mathematician ----> Matematikçi
* Again, these suffixes may not match exactly to every word so don´t apply them in every translation.
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