I don´t speak turkish very well and I need to go to the local muhtar and bring a document that proves my residence address. My bank requested that document. Is this the right way to request a "proof of address" in turkish from the muhtar?

Ben, banka için bir "adres kanıtı" istiyorum, lütfen.

I´d appreciate it if someone knows the official name of such a document.

Merhaba,

Official name of the document you want to take  is "İkametgah İlmuhaberi"

Thanks for help. Is this document the same for residents and non-residents?

If you don´t have a registered address in the city you can´t get that paper from the muhtar as he fills the document according to the registered addresses of the residents. If you are a non-resident, the first thing you have to do is registering your address and become a resident. 

the name of the document: oturum belgesi. yo can even say adres belgesi.

old name for this: ikametgah ilmuhaberi, shortly ikametgah.

local muhtar is one option to get the document,
other option is local civil registration board http://www.nvi.gov.tr/English,En_Html.html

Thanks to all of you