gibi

kadar

daha

kere, defa, kez

ama, fakat, ancak, lakin, ne var ki

herhangi (bir)

aslında

galiba

çünkü (zira, in old Turkish)

1) gibi:

gibi is commonly used as "like, likewise". Let´s see it with some simple examples:

Çocuk gibi davranıyor: He is behaving like a kid.

Hasta gibi: She looks like sick.

Dün gibi hatırlıyorum: I remember it like yesterday (the event that I remember is close like yesterday.)

Zaman, su gibi akıyor: Time passes (streams) as fast as water. (streams like water.)

Hava yağacak gibi: Weather looks like . it is going to rain

(Onun) Sesi karga gibi: Her voice is like a crow.

Senin gibi: Like you

Benim gibi: Like me

2) kadar:

"kadar" means "as much as, until". Let´s see:

(O) Benim kadar uzun: He is as short as me; he is short as much as me.

Saat beşe kadar: Till 5 o´clock.

Saat üçe kadar: Till 3 o´clock.

Akşama kadar: Till evening.

Şarap kadar eski: It´s old as much as wine.

Hepsi bu kadar mı? : Is it all that?

Bu kadar yeter! : Enough is enough!

3) daha

"daha" has got a lot of meanings; let´s see it:

a) "daha" means "more":

bir kitap daha: one more book.

bir tabak daha yemek istiyorum: I would one more dish (portion) food.

bir (kere, kez) daha: one more time.

b) we use "daha" for comparing:

ben senden daha uzunum: I´m taller than you.

bu ev, diğer evden daha güzel: this house is more beautiful than other home.

bu sınıfta senden daha iyi öğrenciler var: there are better (more hardstudying) students than you.

c) emphasis in adjectives:

iyi: good

daha iyi: better

çok daha iyi: much better.

kötü: bad

daha kötü: worse

çok daha kötü: much worse.

Benim sınavım, senin sınavından çok daha kötü: My exam is much worse than your exam.

Bugün daha iyiyim: I´m better today.

Bugün dünden daha iyiyim: Today I´m better than yesterday.

3) kere, kez and defa:

They all have same meaning; "time."

three times: üç kez, üç defa, üç kere.

Examples:

Yüz defa söyledim ama dinlemedi: I have said hundreds of times but he didn´t listen (care).

Aynı kitabı üç defa okudum: I have read the same book for three times.

A Simple Formula:

Günde/Haftada/Ayda/Yılda (Senede) (number) kez/kere/defa: (Number) time in a day/week/month/year.

Günde beş kez: Five times in a day.

Ayda üç defa: Three times in a month.

Yılda dört kez dişçiye giderim: I visit my dentist four times in a year.

Günde üç defa yemek yerim: I eat three times in a day.

Haftada bir kere evi temizlerim: I clean home for one times in a week.

4) ama, fakat, ancak, lakin, ne var ki

They all mean "but". But, we commonly use "ama" in daily speech. "Fakat" and "lakin" are Arabic responds.

Bağırdım ama beni duymadı: I shouted but she didn´t hear me.

5) herhangi (bir)

"herhangi" (her + hangi, originally means "everywhich") means "any of..."

okuldan herhangi bir öğrenci: any students from school.

6) aslında

Simply means "actually" (to be honest, the truth is that...):

aslında ben öğrenciyim: actually I´m a student.

aslında biz o akşam eğlenmedik: actually we didn´t have any fun that evening.

aslında ben Türkçe biliyorum: actually I can speak Turkish/I know how to speak Turkish.

aslında okumadım: Actually (to be honest) I haven´t read.

7) galiba

"galiba" does not have a certain respond in English. It generally express "guess, foresee and probability". Let´s try to understand it with examples:

galiba yağmur yağacak: I think/it seems/it look like that it is going to rain.

galiba biz gelmiyoruz: We may not come/It seems we are not coming.

galiba senden hoşlanmıyor: It seems/I think she doesn´t like you.

8) çünkü:

it means "because".

gelmedim çünkü hastayım: I didn´t come because I´m sick.

çünkü seni anlamıyorum: because I don´t understand you.

turkishcobra //