LESSON 7 (Ders 7)

Possessive Suffixes

benim :            my, mine                    ___-(4´)m                    : my ___

senin :             your, yours                 ___-(4´)n                     : your ___(informal and singular)

onun :             his, her, its                 ___-(s)4´                     : his ___

bizim :             our, ours                     ___ -(4)m4´z               : our ___

sizin :               your, yours                     ­­­­­­­___-(4´)n4´z          : your___(formal and plural)         

onların :           their, theirs                     ___-l2r4´  /((s)             : their ___

Onların çocuğu:  their child

Onların çocukları: their children

If the word ends in a vowel we don´t need the vowel which is in the parenthesis at the beginning of the suffix, but 3rd person singular possessive suffix works a little differently. Since the third person singular suffix is a vowel itself, if the word ends in a vowel in that case we need the letter "s" as a consonant buffer, which is shown in  parenthesis. This shows us that consonant and vowel letters are following one another (except 3rd person plural).

To emphasize slightly or to make it clear we use both the possessive pronoun form such as  "benim ___4m", but in general using just the possessive ending on the noun  is enough. Colloquially it is also possible to use "benim ..." and the word is left without a suffix such as "benim ev, benim oda" instead of "benim evim, benim odam".

Ad : name      adım : my name

Isim : name:  There are a few words like “isim”, when the vowel beginning suffix is added, the last vowel of the word is ommited.

Some of the other words like “isim” are: şehir (city), nehir (river), burun (nose), omuz (shoulder)

Isim, ad: name

Ismim : my name

Ismin : your name (singular)

Ismi : his/ her name

Ismimiz : our name

Isminiz : your name (singular, formal) , plural

Isimleri : their name

Burun : nose;  Burnum : my nose

Omuz: shoulder; omzum: my shoulder

If the last letter is “k” and a vowel beginning suffix is placed , k turns to ğ (soft g)

This rule is mostly used for the words having more than one syllable.

"iron" : ütü               Plural : kalemler

(benim )ütüm                          kalemlerim

(senin) ütün                            kalemlerin                             

(onun) ütüsü                           kalemleri                               

(bizim) ütümüz                        kalemlerimiz                          

(sizin) ütünüz                          kalemleriniz                                    .

(onların) ütüleri                      kalemleri

Note: “su” is an exception. Suyum, suyun, suyu, suyumuz,suyunuz, suları.

Benim elma suyum: My apple juice Portakal suyun: Your orange juice.

Beyaz: white; kutu : box;  çiçek: flower

Bu kalem benim                                       :This pen (pencil) is mine.

Bu benim kalemim                                     :This is my pencil.

Şu kitap senin                                         :That book is yours.

Şu senin kitabın                                       :That is your book.

O masa onun                                           :That table is his (hers).

O onun masası                                         :That is his/ her table.

Bu kutular bizim                                        :These boxes are ours.

Bunlar bizim kutularımız                               : These are our boxes.

Mektup sizin :                                           The letter is yours.

Sizin mektubunuz :                                   (it is) your letter.

Çiçekler onların :                                      The flowers are theirs.

Onların çiçekleri :                                      (they are) their flowers.

(Benim) kalemim yeni :                                My pen is new.

(Senin) kitabın nerede? :                            Where is your book?

(Onun) masası büyük :                               His table is big.

(Bizim) evimiz eski :                                  Our house is old.

(Sizin) mektubunuz burada :                       Your letter is here.

(Onların) arabası beyaz :                            Their car is white.

(Onların) arabaları beyaz :                          Their cars are white.

When we say "arabaları" it may mean their car or their cars. If we say at the beginning "onların" and "arabası" we know definitely it is singular (one car), but if we say just "arabaları" without saying "onların" then it may mean either. We understand  from the sentence what is really meant (by the general context).

Question : "-m4"

Benim mi? :                                       Is it mine?

Kalem benim mi?:                               Is the pen mine?

Kitap kimin?:                                     Whose book is this?

Kim?: Who?                                       Kimin?: Whose?

When we have a question word we can not use the suffix -m4.as we know.

Masa onların mı? :                             Is the table theirs?

Kutu kimin? Sizin mi? :                        Whose  box is (this )? Is it yours?

Mektup bizim mi? :                            Is the letter ours? (Does it belong to us?)

Ütü onun mu? :                                Is the iron hers?

Bahçe sizin değil. :                             The garden is not yours.

Bahçe sizin değil mi? :                         Isn´t the garden yours?

Çay: tea

Çay benim değil. :                              The tea is not mine.

Çay benim değil mi? :                        Isn´t the tea mine?

Gazete onun değil mi? :         Isn´t the newspaper his (hers)?

----D2 + ki : the one which is --- (at, on, in)

"ki" is mostly used after -D2´ (locative) or after possessive adjectives such as benim, senin,.../"benimki : the one which is mine", "seninki :  the one which is yours".

burada :          here     /           buradaki :   the one which is here

köşe :              corner/ köşedeki :   the one which (that) is at the corner.

kapı :               door    /           kapıdaki :   the one at the door

oradaki / şuradaki : the one that is there.

The word with "___-D2ki" is used in front of the noun or by itself, then it replaces the noun.

Buradaki kalem :                    The pen that is here.

Köşedeki araba :                    The car that is at the corner.

Buradaki kalem benim :           The pen that is here is mine.

Köşedeki araba bizim :            The car that is at the corner is ours.

If the pen (kalem) or car (araba, otomobil) was mentioned before there is no need to repeat it again. Then we say in a short way:

Buradaki benim :                   The one here is mine.

Köşedeki bizim :                     The one at the corner is ours.

The plural form is:      Buradakiler :  The ones here

Köşedekiler :   The ones at the corner.

Question:        Hangi :              Which

Hangisi :                                 Which one (of them)

Hangi kalem iyi? :                      Which pen is good?

Buradaki iyi / Buradaki kalem iyi.

Hangisi iyi? :  Which one is good?

As we know -(s)4 is 3rd person singular possessive. Hangileri "-l2r4" is 3rd person plural possessive.

Hangileri iyi? :                                   Which ones are good?

Buradakiler iyi :                                 The ones here are good.

Benimki iyi :                                       Mine is good.

Benimkiler iyi :                                   Mine are good.

Sizinki :                                            The one that is yours.

Sizinki, (sizinkiler) nasıl?:                      How is (are) yours?

Bizimki nerede ? :                              Where is ours?

Plural:Bizimkiler nerede? :                    Where are ours?

Onunki / seninki / onlarınki   His/Yours/Theirs

Possessive+ var : to have

Possessive + yok: not to have

(Benim) kalemim var : I have (a) pen (pencil)

(Benim) arabam yok :  I don’t have (a) car

(Senin) kitabın var : You have (a) book

(Senin)  defterin yok : You don’t have (a ) notebook

(Onun) arkadaşı var : He has (a) friend

(Onun) kardeşleri var: he has brothers/sisters.

(Onun) çocuğu yok :He doesn’t have a child

(Bizim) bahçemiz yok : We don’t have (a ) garden

(Sizin) gazeteniz var mı?  : Do you have (a) newspaper?

(Sizin) komşunuz yok mu? : Don’t you have (a) neighbor

(Onların) telefonu var mı? : Do they have (a) telephone?

(Onların) arabaları yok mu? Don’t they have (a ) car/cars?

Nouns,pronouns with “D2” (D2 is stressed. )

Bende: at me, on me ,at my place, I have it.

Sende, o(n)da, bizde, sizde, onlarda

Kaleminiz bende: I have your pen, pencil

Gazetem sende mi? : Do you have my paper?

Kitaplar o(n)da  : he has the books

Çocuklar bizdeler:Children are in our house (place)

Mektuplar sizde mi?: Do you have the letters?

Haber: News       Haber onlarda: They have the news.

Bilet : Ticket       Biletim onlarda mı? Do they have my ticket?

Mektubunuz bende değil: I don’t have your letter.

Ali bey sizde değil mi? Isn’t Ali bey in your house?

Defterler öğretmende: The teacher has the notebooks.

Gazeteler kimde: Ayşe’de mi?: Who has the newspapers? Does Ayşe have them?

Possessive suffixes +VPE

Ben sizin öğretmeninizim: I’m your teacher

Siz benim komşumsunuz: You are my neighbour

Onlar bizim arkadaşlarımız: They are our friends

Biz onların yanındayız: We are  beside them.

Siz bizim dostumuzsunuz: you are our friend

DIALOGUE

BU KİMİN?

Anne: Bu çoraplar kimin?

Çocuk: Onlar benim

Anne: Bu kitaplar kimin?

Çocuk: Onlar kardeşimin kitapları. Dokunma.

Anne: Ama salon çok dağınık, hadi toplayın.

Çocuk: Bak senin örgülerin de burada!

WHOSE THIS?

Mother: Whose are these socks?

Child: They are mine

Mother: Whose are these books?

Child: They are my brother’s, don’t touch.

Mother: But the living room is a mess,  hurry and tidy up.

Child: Look your knittings are here too!

EXERCICES

Please put the correct possessive suffixe.

p                     b          k                  ğ   ç                c 

Benim araba….       (car)

Benim çocuk……………  (child)

Benim kız……………………..(daughter)

Benim mutfak……………. (kitchen)

Benim banyo……………………….(bathroom)

Senin  kitap……. (book)

Senin yatak…………………(bed)

Senin kutu………………….(box)

Senin çay…………………………………………(tea)

Onun  ev………….(house)

Onun bahçe………………..(garden)

Bizim masa……………(table)

Bizim lamba…...   (lamb)

Bizim  araba……. (car)

Sizin ders….    (lesson)

Sizin  yemek…… (meal)

Sizin bahçe……………   (garden)

Onların anne…………….   ((mother)

Onların kitaplar…………….(book)

 Onların köpek…………………….(dog)

Note: Senin çamaşır makinan……………………(wash machine)

 (Note : “çamaşır makinası “ sı” is removed and possessive suffixe replace)

İn modified noun kalem  kutusu   :becomes  benim kalem  kutum : my pencil box

ANSWERS

1) benim arabam 2) benim çocuğum 3) Benim kızım  4)benim mutfağım  59Benim banyom  6) senin kitabın  7) Senin yatağın  8) Senin kutun 9) senin çayın  10) onun evi 11) onun bahçesi  12) bizim masamız 13) bizim lambamız 14) bizim arabamız  15) sizin dersiniz  16)sizin yemeğiniz

17) sizin bahçeniz 18)onların anneleri 18)onların kitapları 19)onların köpekleri