If "-me" takes the suffix of the ablative case, it will be meaning "without" or "before ..ing".
The personal pronouns must be used because this patterns doesn´t use personal suffixes.
If you want to emphasize it is in the meaning of "before" in a situation that an ambiguation may happen, not "without"; you should write "önce" after "-den". --> -den önce (before the ...) Otherwise there is no need. You use if you want, you don´t use if you don´t want.
iş (1the work, 2the job, 3the business, 4something to do) bugün (today) kahvaltı (the breakfast) yapmak (1to do, 2to make) kahvaltı yapmak (to have breakfast) gitmek (to go)
iş+e------------------------------->işe (to the work) yap+madan------------------------>yapmadan (without doing) git+di------------------------------>gitti (he went)
İşe bugün kahvaltı yapmadan gitti. (He went to the job today without having breakfast.)
öğretmen (the teacher) izin almak (to get permission) bir yer (somewhere (direct: a place)) gitmek (to go)
öğretmen+niz+den----------------->öğretmeninizden (from your teacher) izin al+madan--------------------->izin almadan (without getting permission) bir yer+e-------------------------->bir yere (to somewhere) git+eme+zsiniz-------------------->gidemezsiniz (you can´t go)
Öğretmeninizden izin almadan bir yere gidemezsiniz. (You can go nowhere without getting permission from your teacher.)
ağlamak (to cry) anlatmak (to tell) ne (what) söylemek (to say, to tell) anlamak (to understand)
ağla+madan---------------------->ağlamadan (without crying) anlat+--------------------------->anlat (tell) söyle+dik+n+i-------------------->söylediğini ((acc.) what/that you said/say) anla+ma+yor+ız------------------>anlamıyoruz (we don´t understand)
Ağlamadan anlat. Ne söylediğini anlamıyoruz. (Tell without crying. We don´t understand what you are saying.)
akşam (the evening) akşam olmak (to get dark (direct: to become evening (for the time))) ev (the house, the home) varmak (to arrive)
akşam ol+madan------------------>akşam olmadan (before it gets dark) ev+e----------------------------->eve (to the house, to home) var+malı+ım---------------------->varmalıyım (i must/should arrive)
Akşam olmadan eve varmalıyım. (I should arrive home before it gets dark.) =Akşam olmadan önce eve varmalıyım.
ünlü (1the vowel, 2famous) uyum (the harmony) kaynaştırma harfi (the combinative letter) öğrenmek (to learn) kolay (easy)
ünlü uyum+lar+ı+ı----------------->ünlü uyumlarını ((acc.) the vowel harmonies) kaynaştırma harf+leri+i------------>kaynaştırma harflerini ((acc.) the combinative letters) öğren+meden--------------------->öğrenmeden (without/before learning) Türkçe+i-------------------------->Türkçeyi kolay öğren+eme+zsin------------------->öğrenemezsin (you can´t learn)
Ünlü uyumlarını ve kaynaştırma harflerini öğrenmeden Türkçeyi kolay öğrenemezsin. (You can´t learn Turkish easily without learning the vowel harmonies and the combinative letters.)
otobüs (the bus) binmek (to get on) aramak (1to look for, 2to call (by phone), 3...4..)
otobüs+e------------------------->otobüse (to the bus) bin+meden----------------------->binmeden (before/without getting on) ara+- ---------------------------->ara (look for , call)
Otobüse binmeden beni ara. (Call me before you get on the bus.) =Otobüse binmeden önce beni ara.
su (the water) içmek (to drink) yaşamak (1to live, 2to have an experience)
iç+meden------------------------->içmeden (without drinking) yaşa+ama+ız---------------------->yaşayamayız (we can´t live)
Su içmeden yaşayamayız. (We cannot live without drinking water.)
yaşlı (old (antonym of "young")) adam (the man) kız (1the girl, 2the daughter) son kez, son defa (last time) konuşmak (to talk, to speak) ölmek (to die, to pass away)
kız+ı(poss.)+ile-------------------->kızıyla (with his daughter) konuş+abil+mek------------------->konuşabilmek (to be able to talk/speak) konuş+amadan-------------------->konuşamadan (before/without being able to talk/speak) öl+di------------------------------>öldü (he died)
Yaşlı adam, kızıyla son kez konuşamadan öldü. (The old man died without being able to talk to his daughter for last time.)
telefon (the telephone) ev (the house, home) gelmek (to come) demek (to say) kendiliğinden (oneself suddenly) kapanmak (to close (reflexive))
ev+e-------------------------->eve (to the house, to home) gel+yor+ım-------------------->geliyorum (i´m coming) de+emeden-------------------->diyemeden kapan+dı---------------------->kapandı
Telefon ben "Eve geliyorum" diyemeden kapandı. (The phone closed before I could say "I´m coming home") |
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