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-den -1

I think I don´t need to remind the ablative case. But let´s write a few examples about it so as not to pass surfacely.

 

-den (from the ...)

-den bahsetmek/söz etmek (to talk about ...)

-den beri (since ...)

-den bıkmak (to be fed up with ...)

-den dolayı (because of ..., owing to, due to)

-den emin olmak (to be sure about ...)

-den hoşlanmak (to like (slightly) ...)

-den kurtulmak (to get rid of ...)

-den kaynaklanmak (to result from ...)

-den nefret etmek (to hate ...)

-den önce (before the ...)

-den pişman olmak (to regret ...)

-den saklamak (to hide from ...)

-den sonra (after the ...)

-den şikayet etmek (to complain of ...)

-den şüphelenmek (to have doubt about ...)

-den utanmak (to be ashamed of ...)

-den vazgeçmek (to abandon ...)

-den yararlanmak (to make use of ...)

-den yorulmak (to be tired of ...)

-den zevk almak (to find pleasure in ...)

 

These examples can be increased. But, like you know, everything in a language can´t be written on only one page.

 

dün (yesterday)

maç (the match)

bahsetmek (to talk about ...)

 

dün+ki--------------------------->dünkü (yesterday´s)

Do you remember the suffix "-ki" which makes adjective? Repeat if you don´t remember.

maç+dan------------------------>maçtan (from the match)

bahset+yor+di+k----------------->bahsediyorduk (we were talking about)

 

Dünkü maçtan bahsediyorduk. (We were talking about yesterday´s match.)

 

elli (fifty)

kişi (person)

ekip (the team)

iki (two)

gün (the day)

Toros (Taurus)

dağ (the mountain)

tırmanmak (to climb)

bazı (some)

geri dönmek (to come back, to return)

bahsetmek (to talk about)

 

elli kişi (fifty people)

elli kişilik ekip (the team with fifty people)

elli kişilik ekiple (with the team with fifty people)

iki gün+dir---------------------->iki gündür (for two days)

Toros dağ+lar(plural)+ı --------->Toros Dağları (the Taurus Mountains)

=Toros+lar---------------------->Toroslar (Taurus Mountains) (alternative way to express the same thing)

Toros+lar+a--------------------->Toroslara (to Taurus Mountains)

tırman+yor+ız------------------->tırmanıyoruz (we are climbing)

bazı+ları------------------------>bazıları (some of them)

geri dönmek+den---------------->geri dönmekten (from the fact that return)

bahset+yor--------------------->bahsediyor

 

Elli kişilik ekiple iki gündür Toroslara tırmanıyoruz. Bazıları geri dönmekten bahsediyor. (We have been climbing Taurus Mountains for two days. Someones are talking about returning.)

 

2005 (iki bin beş)

bura (this place, here)

yaşamak (1to live, 2to live, to dwell, 3...4...5..)

 

iki bin beş+den beri-------------->iki bin beşten beri (since two thousand and five)

bura+da------------------------>burada (in this place, here)

yaş+yor+lar--------------------->yaşıyorlar (they are living)

 

2005´ten beri burada yaşıyorlar. (They have been living here since 2005.)

 

bilgisayar (the computer)

cuma (Friday)

bozuk (broken (not working))

 

cuma+dan beri------------------->cumadan beri (since Friday)

 

Bilgisayar cumadan beri bozuk. (The computer is broken since Friday.)

 

aynı (same)

söz (1the word, 2the promise)

duymak (to hear)

bıkmak (to be fed up)

 

söz+ler----------------------->sözler (words)

söz+ler+i(acc.)--------------->sözleri ((acc.) the words)

duymak+dan------------------>duymaktan

bık+dı+k---------------------->bıktık (we are fed up)

 

Aynı sözleri duymaktan bıktık. (We are fed up with hearing the same words.)

 

biz+den--------------------->bizden (from us)

bık+ma+dı+nız mı?----------->bıkmadınız mı? (didn´t you be fed up?)

 

Bizden bıkmadınız mı? (Haven´t you been fed up with us?)

 

hiçbir şey (nothing)

emin (sure)

olmak (to be)

 

hiçbir şey+den------------->hiçbir şeyden (from nothing)

ol+ama+yor+im------------->olamıyoruz (we aren´t being able to be)

 

Hiçbir şeyden emin olamıyoruz. (We can be sure about nothing. (present continuous))

 

borç (1the loan, 2the debt)

kurtulmak (to get rid)

rahat (still, relax)

yaşamak (1to live, 2..3..4..)

 

borç+lar----------------------->borçlar (the debts)

borç+lar+mız------------------>borçlarımız (our debts)

borç+lar+mız+dan-------------->borçlarımızdan (from our debts)

kurtul+abil+r ise+k------------->kurtulabilirsek (if we can get rid of)

daha rahat (more relaxed)

yaşa+acak+ız----------------->yaşayacağız (we will live)

 

Boçlarımızdan kurtulabilirsek daha rahat yaşayacağız. (We will live more relaxed if we can get rid of our debts.)

 

sorun (the problem)

sizin (your)

şerefsiz (dishonourable)

olmak (to be)

kaynaklanmak (to result from)

 

ol+ma+nız-------------------->olmanız (the fact that you be)

(sizin) şerefsiz olmanız (the fact that you are dishonourable)

ol+ma+nız+dan kaynaklan+yor->kaynaklanıyor (it´s resulting from you are)

 

Sorun, sizin şerefsiz olmanızdan kaynaklanıyor. (The problem is resulting from the fact that you are dishonourable.)

 

elektrik (the electric)

kesinti (the interruption)

sabah (the morning)

yağmur (the rain)

 

elektrik kesinti+i(poss.)--------->elektrik kesintisi (the power cut (direct: the interruption of electric))

elektrik kesinti+i(poss.)+in(gent.)->elektrik kesintisinin (of the power cut)

sabah+ki yağmur--------------->sabahki yağmur (morning´s rain (direct: the rain which was in the morning))

sabahki yağmur+dan kaynaklan+dık+ı(poss)--->sabahki yağmurdan kaynaklandığı (the fact that it resulted/is resulting from the morning´s rain)

sabahki yağmurdan kaynaklan+dık+ı(poss)+ı(acc.)--->sabahki yağmurdan kaynaklandığını ((acc.) the fact that it resulted/is resulting from the morning´s rain)

söyle+me+di+ler---------------->söylemediler (they didn´t say)

söylemediler mi ?( didn´t they say?)

 

Elektrik kesintisinin sabahki yağmurdan kaynaklandığını söylemediler mi? (Didn´t they say the power cut resulted from the rain which was in the morning?)

 

These examples go on like this.

 

I want to explain something you get confused most likely: when "-den önce/-den sonra", when "önce/sonra"?

 

most likely=büyük olasılıkla (direct: with big possibility)

 

"-den" is used while talking about a certain point.

 

üç (three)

ay (1the moon (Ay), 2the month)

gelmek (to come)

 

gel+ecek+iz------------------->geleceğiz (we will come)

 

Üç ay sonra geleceğiz. (We will come three months later.)

Üç aydan sonra geleceğiz. (We will come after the three months.) (expl: Those three months will finish, then we will come.)

 

By the way, let´s also teach the meaning of "about" of "kadar".

üç ay kadar (about three months)

üç ay kadar sonra (about three months later)

üç ay kadar önce (about three months ago)

 

dört (four)

saat (1the hour, 2the clock, 3o´clock, 4the watch, 5...)

 

gel+di+k----------------------->geldik (we came)

gel+eme+iz--------------------->gelemeyiz (we can´t come)

 

Dört saat önce geldik. (We came four hours ago.)

Dört saatten önce geldik. (We came earlier than four hours.) (expl: Imagine a duration for four hours. We came before that duration starts.)

Dört saatten önce gelemeyiz. (We can´t come earlier than four fours.) (expl: Imagine a duration for four hours. We can´t come before that duration starts.)

 

dava (the lawsuit) (pronunciation: daava)

iki (two)

yıl, sene (the year)

sonuçlanmak (to conclude (intransitive), or, to be concluded, or, to come to a result)

 

sonuçlan+dı-------------------->sonuçlandı (it came to a result)

O dava iki yıl önce sonuçlandı. (That lawsuit was concluded two years ago.)

sonuçlan+ma+z----------------->sonuçlanmaz (it doesn´t come to a result)

iki yıldan önce

sanırım (i think)

O dava sanırım iki yıldan önce sonuçlanmaz. (I think that lawsuit won´t be concluded earlier than two years. (namely, minimum two years are needed so that this lawsuit is concluded.))


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