If you remove the infinitive suffix, you get two things: 1) the root of the verb, 2) the imperative case for the second singular.
Yes, it´s "-sin". You see right. The second task of that suffix is to be imperative suffix for 3rd singular and plural.
The combinative letter of "-in" which is imperative for the second plural is "y", not "n" because it´s not genitive suffix.
I can translate this mood into English by using "let". But there is no permission meaning in Turkish.
gelmek (to come) kanıtlamak, ispatlamak, ispat etmek (to prove)
ora (that place, there) oturmak (1to sit, 2to sit down, 3to dwell, to live, 4to be suitable, 5..6..7...)
ora+a(dative)------------------>oraya (to there) otur+ma+- -------------------->oturma (don´t sit)
Ora/Oraya oturma. (Don´t sit down there.)
ora+da(locative)--------------->orada (in there/on there/at there)
Orada oturma. (Don´t sit there.)
İkinci örneği, "bir yere oturmak" ve "bir yerde oturmak" arasındaki farkı göstermek için verdim. (I gave the second example so as to show the difference between "to sit down somewhere" and "to sit somewhere".)
yapmak (to do) inkâr etmek, yalanlamak (to deny)
yap+dık+lar(plural)+n+ı(accusative)-------->yaptıklarını (what(plural) you do/did) inkâr et+me+- --------------------------->inkâr etme (don´t deny)
Yaptıklarını inkâr etme. (Don´t deny what you did.)
sevmek (to love, to like) bari, hiç olmazsa, en azından (at least, at any rate) (pronunciation: baari) yalan (the lie) yalan söylemek (to tell lie)
ben+i(accusative)------------------------->beni (me) sev+me+yor+siniz------------------------->sevmiyorsunuz (you don´t love/like) söyle+me+in------------------------------>söylemeyin (don´t say)
Tamam, beni sevmiyorsunuz. Bari yalan söylemeyin. (Okay, you don´t like me. At least don´t tell lie.)
oturmak (1to sit, 2to sit down, 3to dwell, to live, 4..5..6...) acele etmek (to hurry, to hurry up) geç kalmak (to be late)
otur+ma+ın------------------->oturmayın (don´t sit down) acele et+in------------------->acele edin (hurry) geç kal+yor+ız---------------->geç kalıyoruz (we are being late)
Oturmayın, acele edin; geç kalıyoruz. (Don´t sit, hurry up, we are being late.)
If you want to emphasize who will do the verb, you also can write the personal pronouns.
gelmek (to come) gel+- ----------------->gel (come) sen gel---------------->sen gel (you come (imperative)) gel+me+sin------------>gelmesin
Sen gel, onlar gelmesin. (You come, tell them not come.)
oturmak (1to sit, 2to sit down, 3to dwell) yarım (half) saat (1hour, 2the watch, 3the clock) -e kadar (until) geri (back) gelmek (to come)
otur+ın--------------->oturun yarım saate kadar (until half an hour) gel+ecek+im---------->geleceğim (i shall come)
Siz oturun, ben yarım saate kadar geleceğim. (You sit, I will come back within half an hour.) |
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