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the causative mood - 1

fiil, eylem (the verb)

 

oldurgan fiil: The verb that has become transitive while it was formerly intransitive.

ettirgen fiil: The verb that has passed to a higher level of transitiveness while it was already transitive.

 

The causative suffix for the verbs which end with vowel is only "-t".

 

ağlamak (to cry)

ağla+t+mak------>

ağlatmak (to make sb. cry)

 

The verb "ağlamak" was intransitive. It became transitive. Therefore "ağlatmak" is and ´oldurgan´ verb.

 

ağla+t+(i)yor+sin-------->ağlatıyorsun (you are making cry)

 

Çocuğu niye ağlatıyorsun? (Why are you making the child cry?)

 

uyumak (to sleep)

uyu+t+mak----->

uyutmak (to make sb. sleep)

ilaç içmek (to take medicine (direct: to drink medicine))

 

uyut+(i)yor

Bu ilaç sürekli uyutuyor. İçtiğimden beri uyuyorum. (This medicine makes people sleep continuously. I have been sleeping since I took.)

 

gülümsemek (to smile)

gülümse+t+mek--------->gülümsetmek (to make sb. smile)

 

gülümse+t+ebil+di+ise+k

 

Seni gülümsetebildiysek bu bir başarı. (This is a success if we could make you smile.)

 

anlamak (to understand)

anla+t+mak------>

anlatmak (to tell)

 

The verb "anlamak" was already transitive. It took the causative suffix and its level increased. Therefore "anlatmak" is an ´ettirgen´ verb.

 

anla+t+ma+acak mı+sın

 

Ne yaptığını anlatmayacak mısın? (Won´t you tell what you did?

 

ileri (1forward, 2advanced)

ileri+le+mek-->

ilerlemek (1to go forward, 2to improve (intransitive), 3to move ahead)

ilerle+t+mek-->

ilerletmek (1to make sth. go forward, 2to improve (transitive), 3to move sth. ahead)

 

Türkçemi ilerletmek istiyorum. (I want to improve my Turkish.)

 

yumuşamak (to soften (intransitive)

yumuşa+t+mak-->

yumuşatmak (to make sth. soften, to soften)

 

yumuşa+t+ma+mış->yumuşatmamış

 

Döktüğüm deterjan havluyu henüz yumuşatmamış. (The detergent I poured hasn´t softened the towel yet.)

 

izlemek (to watch)

izle+t+mek------>

izletmek (to make sb. watch)

 

izle+t+di+niz---->izlettiniz

 

Çocuklara hangi çizgi filmi izlettiniz? (Which cartoon did you make the children watch?)

 

hatırlamak (to remember)

hatırla+t+mak--->

hatırlatmak (to remind)

 

çocuk+lık+m+i(accusative)-->çocukluğumu

 

Bu roman bana çocukluğumu hatırlattı. (This novel remind me about my childhood.)

 

uzamak (to lengthen (intransitive))

uza+t+mak-->

uzatmak (to lengthen (transitive))

 

Saçlarımı uzatacağım, uzun saçlarım olacak. (I will lengthen my hair, I will have long hair.)

 

boyamak (to paint)

boya+t+mak

boyatmak (to get/make sth paint)

 

Arabayı maviye boyatacağım. (I will get the car paint blue. (direct: I will make the car paint to blue))

 

yaşamak (1to live, 2to experience, 3to dwell, to live)

yaşa+t+mak

yaşatmak (1to make sth/sb. live, 2to make sb. experience)

 

yaşa+t+ama+dı+k

Çok uğraştık ama dedemi daha fazla yaşatamadık, dün gece öldü. (We tried very much but we couldn´t make my grandfather live more, he died last night.)

 

yaşa+t+dık+nız

Bize bu acıları yaşattığınız için sizden her zaman nefret edeceğiz. (We will always hate you because you made us experienced these pains.)


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