In this lesson, I am going to teach how to use the adjectives, that are made of by derivational "-en/-an" suffix, as nouns. This is very easy. You will just use the verb exactly like a noun after you add -en or -an.
Gelen kadın kimdi? (Who was the woman that came?) Gelen kadın kimdi? Gelen kimdi? (Who was the one that came?) as plural: Gelenler kimlerdi/kimdi? (Who were the ones that came?)
-Ahmet´i arıyordum. (I was looking for Ahmet.) -Hangi Ahmet´i? (Which Ahmet?) -Dayın olan Ahmet´i. (Ahmet which is your uncle. (accusative)) dayın olan Ahmet´i ol+an(vrb.adj.)+ı(accusative)--->olanı (the one which is (accusative)) -Dayın olanı. (The one which is your uncle (acc.))
Öğretmen olan ablam geçen yıl evlendi. Bankacı olan ablam daha bekar. (My sister which is teacher got married last year. My sister which is banker is still single.) Öğretmen olan ablam geçen yıl evlendi. Bankacı olan daha bekar. (My sister which is teacher got married last year. Which is banker is still single.)
Another examples:
ince (thin), kalın (thick) giysi (the cloth) ... de ... de (both ... and ...) almak (1to take, 2to buy,3..4..5.) daha çok (more) çünkü (because) pahalı (expensive)
ince giysiler (thin clothes) kalın giysiler (thick clothes) kalın ol+an+lar----------------------->kalın olanlar (the thick ones (direct: the ones which are thick))
İnce giysiler de aldım, kalın giysiler de. Ama daha çok ince giysiler aldım. Kalın olanlar pahalıydı. (I bought both thin clothes and thick clothes. But I bought thin clothes more. The thick ones were more expensive.)
sana (to you) mesaj (the message) yazmak (to write) seni (you (acc.)) tanımak (1to recognize, 2to know already who someone is) belli (1clear, certain, 2definite)
mesaj+ı(accusative)---------->mesajı (the message (acc.)) yaz+an----------------------->yazan (the one who writes/wrote/is writing/has written/.....) sana bu mesajı yazan (the one who wrote/has written/writes this messsage to you) sana bu mesajı yazan+ın(genitive) seni tanı+ma+dık+ı(poss.) belli------------>seni tanımadığı belli (it´s clear s/he does not know you)
Sana bu mesajı yazanın seni tanımadığı belli. (It´s clear the one who wrote this message to you doesn´t know you.)
görenek, örf-âdet (the custom (a habit or traditions)) [indeed, the "örf" and "âdet" are means the same. No problem if you use both of them together.] -e göre (according to ...) evlenmek (to get married) düğün (the wedding, the marriage ceremony) para (the money) takmak (1to attach, 2..3..5..6...8...)
görenek+ler+miz+e göre------>göreneklerimize göre (according to our customs) yeni evlen+en+ler------------------>yeni evlenenler (the ones that have just gotten married) yeni evlen+en+ler+e(dat.)---------->yeni evlenenlere (to the ones that have just gotten married) tak+ıl+r---------------------------->takılır (it is attached)
Göreneklerimize göre, evlenenlere düğünde para takılır. (People attach money in the marriage ceremony to whom are getting married, according to our customs) [namely, it is attached to the clothes of the bride and bridegroom]
yukarı (the aboveside, the upside) belirtmek (to state) dikkatli (careful) okumak (to read) olay (the event) düşünmek (to think) ... gibi (like ...) olmak (to be) fark etmek (to notice, to realize)
yukarı+da------------------>yukarıda (above (direct: on the upside)) belirt+il+en----------------->belirtilen (the one that/which is/was stated) belirt+il+en+ler(pl.)+i(acc.)-->belirtilenleri (the ones that/which are/were stated) dikkatli oku+r+ise+niz-------->dikkatli okursanız (if you read carefully) olay+ın(genitive)------------>olayın düşün+dik+miz gibi---------->düşündüğümüz gibi (like we think/thought) ol+ma+dık+ı(pos.)+ı(acc.)--->olmadığını (that it is/was not (acc.)) fark et+ecek+siniz+dir------->fark edeceksinizdir (probably [i think] you will notice)
Yukarıda belirtilenleri dikkatli okursanız, olayın düşündüğümüz gibi olmadığını fark edeceksinizdir. (You will notice the event is not as we think, if you read what(plural) have been stated above carefully.)
bu (this) yapmak (to do, to make) sessiz (silent) kalmak (1to stay,2to remain)
yap+ıl+an+lar+a(dative)--->yapılanlara (to the ones that are done/are being done/were done/have been done/...) kal+ama+ız---------------->kalamayız (we can´t stay)
Bu yapılanlara sessiz kalamayız. (We can´t keep quiet against these that are being done.) |
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