TensesThere are 5 fundamental tenses in Turkish. These are:
In the basic grammar lessons, we will cover the present continuous tense and the future tense. Rest will be covered in the intermediate level lessons.
To start with, let's review some verbs we'll use in the following lessons and their meanings: gelmek --> to come gitmek --> to go okumak --> to read kapatmak --> to close koşmak --> to run aramak --> to call konuşmak --> to talk vermek --> to give kaynamak --> to boil çalışmak --> to work yemek --> to eat beklemek --> to wait
The meaning of tenses are given using some suffixes. There are some important properties common to all these suffixes denoting tense:
1. Present continuous tense (Şimdiki zaman)The suffix for present continuous tense is -iyor. Present continuous tense is used, very much like the one in English:
Present continuous tense is used only for verbs, it is not meaningful for nouns and adjectives.
Present continuous tense of a verb is constructed this way:
If the verb you want to add the suffix -iyor ends with a vowel, drop the last vowel and add -iyor. Otherwise, just simply add -iyor. Be careful about the vowel harmony rules for the 'i' of -iyor. Let's see how a verb is put into present continuous tense on the following examples:
And let's see how present continuous tense is used with different cases of person.
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