Practice Turkish |
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Multiple verbs?
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08 Dec 2006 Fri 04:18 pm |
In Turkish the verb is (always? mostly?) at the end of the sentence. But what do I do when there are two or even more verbs in the same sentence? All at the end? And do I conjugate them all or stay they in infinitive?
E.g. I want to go swimming - three verbs. How do I do that?
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08 Dec 2006 Fri 05:07 pm |
Quoting Trudy: In Turkish the verb is (always? mostly?) at the end of the sentence. But what do I do when there are two or even more verbs in the same sentence? All at the end? And do I conjugate them all or stay they in infinitive?
E.g. I want to go swimming - three verbs. How do I do that? |
Turkish is a SOV (Subject-Object-Verb) type language. Naturally yes. Verbs come at the end. If we check your example we first need to break it:
yüzmeye gitmek istiyorum. (OV)
or
Ben yüzmeye gitmek istiyorum. (SOV)
Object is "yüzmeye gitmek".
If we further break it up:
yüzmeye gitmek (OV)
yüzmeye is the object.
It's a very simple logic actually. In Turkish, we exclusively use suffixes and verbs come at the end. Otherwise it wouldn't be easy to connect the sentences to make complex sentences.
Example:
Elif is walking in the park -- Elif parkta yürüyor (1)
Ali is following Elif -- Ali Elifi takip ediyor (2)
And I see it. -- Ben bunu görüyorum (3)
First let's combine the first two:
Ali is following Elif who is walking in the park
Ali parkta yürüyen Elifi takip ediyor
As you can see the word order of (2) stays the same and (1) is inserted by adding a suffix to the verb of (1)
Now let's combine it with the third:
I see that Ali is following Elif who is walking in the park
Ben Ali'nin parkta yürüyen Elifi takip ettiğini görüyorum.
Again as you can see the word order of (3) stays the same and (2) is replaced with "bunu" to become the object of (3).
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3. |
08 Dec 2006 Fri 06:17 pm |
Thanks Aslan, but I think I have to read this a lot of times to really understand it. :-S Your explanation is good but I am not that fast in getting it in my head.
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14 Dec 2006 Thu 10:11 am |
I think you shouldnt think that the second is the MAIN verb. Main verb, i mean the real activity.
I go to home << activity is "to go"
I go to shopping << activity is "to go"
I want to go << activity is "to want"
You come to us << activity is "to come"
but if you say:
I go to the shop which is near to stadium << here activity is still "to go", as you see there is one more verb "is" (to be), but it is not the main verb. I mean not the activity of the main sentence.
I want to go swimming << activity is "to want". You may go or not, so go is not the main verb, or "swimming"
yüzmeye gitmek istiyorum
Lets look at this "SOV" stuff:
Subject + Object + Verb
Since we know that Subject in Turkish can be hidden, so we may not see it(it is possible that we cant find it in the sentence).
Now the most important part: Verb
Look at our previous example:
I want to go swimming
As i wrote before, here, the main verb is "to want": istemek
So now, you can think that the others are the verbs of other sentences(clauses) which are to complete the full meaning.
We will put this verb "istemek" at the end with the true suffixes.
Now we have to know the Subject in order to put true suffixes. It is here: "I", so it would be:
istiyorum.
Now we can go on with the rest: Object
It is: to go swimming
Pay attention: here is another two activities now: "to go" and "to swim".
We are talking about swimming but the first idea is "to go": gitmek
We use "istiyorum" with verbs directly:
gitmek istiyorum
and the last part: swimming. this is the part of the activty "to go", it must be like the other "to go" examples:
i go to the cinema:
sinemaya giderim
It goes with the suffix: "-(y)a", so "swimming": yüzme
it must be: yüzmeye
Let's complete it:
(Ben) yüzmeye gitmek istiyorum
I am alittle tired, let me have a break 
I hope it is helpful... Kolay gelsin.
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5. |
19 Feb 2007 Mon 06:18 pm |
Quoting caliptrix: Let's complete it:
(Ben) yüzmeye gitmek istiyorum
I am alittle tired, let me have a break   |
Have you woken up yet Caliptrix ???
Am I right in thinking that istemek is a special case because it takes the full infinitive? If it were any other verb then it would take a short infinitive instead.....
For example:
yüzmeye gitmek istiyorum
yüzmeye gitme hoşlanıyorum
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19 Feb 2007 Mon 07:15 pm |
Quoting Trudy: Thanks Aslan, but I think I have to read this a lot of times to really understand it. :-S Your explanation is good but I am not that fast in getting it in my head. |
I am with you on this Trudy! It is complicated :-S
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19 Feb 2007 Mon 09:14 pm |
Quoting bod: Quoting caliptrix: Let's complete it:
(Ben) yüzmeye gitmek istiyorum
I am alittle tired, let me have a break   |
Have you woken up yet Caliptrix ???
Am I right in thinking that istemek is a special case because it takes the full infinitive? If it were any other verb then it would take a short infinitive instead.....
For example:
yüzmeye gitmek istiyorum
yüzmeye gitme hoşlanıyorum
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Yes, I am awake!
istemek has full infinitive for only the same subject.
Subject: "Ben"
Activity doer: "Ben" (same person)
so: Gitmek istiyorum
But if the activity is done by another one, for example: "Sen"
everything will change :o
Senin gitmeni istiyorum
It can be also for the same person:
Benim gitmemi istiyorum
But this is very weird.
(This topic has been already told by me many times. I remember! So, try to search)
On the other hand, hoşlanmak goes with "-dan".
Yüzmeye gitmekten hoşlanıyorum
But it is also weird because: do you like the "going" part? I think it must be:
Yüzmekten hoşlanıyorum
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19 Feb 2007 Mon 09:34 pm |
Example:
Elif is walking in the park -- Elif parkta yürüyor (1)
Ali is following Elif -- Ali Elifi takip ediyor (2)
And I see it. -- Ben bunu görüyorum (3)
First let's combine the first two:
Ali is following Elif who is walking in the park
Ali parkta yürüyen Elifi takip ediyor
As you can see the word order of (2) stays the same and (1) is inserted by adding a suffix to the verb of (1)
Aslan2, a little question.
When I read this two sentence
Elif is walking in the park -- Elif parkta yürüyor (1)
Ali is following Elif -- Ali Elifi takip ediyor
I understand the translation.
But when I look at these two
Ali is following Elif who is walking in the park
Ali parkta yürüyen Elifi takip ediyor
I am getting confused, because it seems to me that now Ali is walking in the park and Elif is following him. How do I know Ali belongs to the second part of this sentence?
Do you understand what I mean?
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20 Feb 2007 Tue 12:07 pm |
Quoting ambertje:
Ali is following Elif who is walking in the park
Ali parkta yürüyen Elifi takip ediyor
I am getting confused, because it seems to me that now Ali is walking in the park and Elif is following him. How do I know Ali belongs to the second part of this sentence?
Do you understand what I mean?
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Ali has no suffix, but Elif has a suffix: -i. The main verb(the verb of the sentence) is takip etmek: "takip ediyor". The subject has never suffix, so Elif cannot be the subject of this sentence, our subject is Ali. Main verb is related to the subject directly, so Ali is related to "takip etmek" (to follow). The answer of the question: "who follows?" is the subject: "Ali". For that reason, Ali takip ediyor.
Elif has -i suffix, because the verb "takip etmek" (to follow) is used: "birini/bir şeyi takip etmek"="to follow someone/something". So, we need a word which has -i suffix to complete the main sentence.
The right question is: "What is Ali following?"
Answer is: "Elif". As the usage of the verb "takip etmek" has a word which has -i suffix, Elif needs to have -i suffix. For that reason: "Ali Elif'i takip ediyor."
Now we see the verb before Elif, because it defines Elif: yürüyen. This is the verb for helping to complete the sentence, so that, it is not main verb, and it has no usual verb suffixes such as -yor (present continuous) or -r (aorist tense) or -di (past) or -ecek (future) etc.
"yürüyen" has the suffix: -en.
-y is buffer.
The root of the verb is: yürü
-en suffix defines the noun after it:
yürüyen Elif.
we can translate is as the reverse order generally:
Elif walking (Elif who is walking)
There is one more word: parkta.
As you see it has -da suffix changed due to the consonant harmony to "-ta". That means: "in the park".
How can we merge this into the sentence about Elif (not the main sentence)?
It works as my "reverse rule"
In English:
Elif walking in the park (Elif who is walking in the park)
Let's reorder and translate:
parkta yürüyen Elif
As I mentioned, this group needs to have -i suffix because of the usage of the verb "takip etmek":
parkta yürüyen Elif'i takip ediyor.
And add the subject of the main sentence: Ali
Ali, parkta yürüyen Elif'i takip ediyor (I think we need a comma here in order to make it clear/separate)
Did I understand your question?
Could I explain?
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10. |
20 Feb 2007 Tue 12:13 pm |
I think you understood my question very well. But I have to take some time to understand your explanation. Thank you!
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