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I have some questions please
1.       yeniöğrenci
18 posts
 10 Mar 2016 Thu 08:48 pm

hi

*  "öğrenmeye başlayalı 3 ay oldu"

1-why do we say örenmeye? it means to learn? so we delete the k and add e or ye? depending on the last letter if it´s a vowel r a consonant?

2-why do we say başlayalı and not başladı as başladı is the past tense...

 

* what does uyuduğunu mean? uyumak means to sleep uyudu means slept but uyuduğunu??? and why did we add these suffixes?

* öyle means like that? and şöyle?

* "kitap ihtiyacım" I know that ihtiyacım means I need but what is it? I mean I can´t find wether this word is a verb or...?

 

thank you very much!!

 



Edited (3/10/2016) by yeniöğrenci [added a question]

2.       denizli
970 posts
 10 Mar 2016 Thu 10:46 pm

 

Quoting yeniöğrenci

hi

*  "öğrenmeye başlayalı 3 ay oldu"

1-why do we say örenmeye? it means to learn? so we delete the k and add e or ye? depending on the last letter if it´s a vowel r a consonant?

...

 

 

Better to look at it: ören + me + ye

örenme would be like ´learning´ i.e. a gerund. In English, you use the same word in these totally different forms:

- I started ´learning´ (gerund -me ending)

- I am ´learning´ (present continous tense)

In Turkish these are formed differently

 

This link talks about -me http://www.turkishclass.com/turkish_lesson_319

 

The (y)e is dative. Like when you go to somewhere. I´m not sure why it´s used with başlamak, you just need to remember it.

 



Edited (3/10/2016) by denizli
Edited (3/10/2016) by denizli
Edited (3/10/2016) by denizli

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3.       Henry
2604 posts
 11 Mar 2016 Fri 12:13 am

 

Quoting yeniöğrenci

hi

*  "öğrenmeye başlayalı 3 ay oldu"

2-why do we say başlayalı and not başladı as başladı is the past tense...

 

The (y)alı/eli suffix means ´since´. There are a number of ways of saying ´since´ and this way is used less than the others. 

Öğrenmeye başlayalı 3 ay oldu.

It has been 3 months since the learning started.

Ders başlayalı yarım saat oldu.

It has been half an hour since the lesson started.

See below for Tunci´s excellent explanation of how the suffix can be used.

Quote:Tunci

 -ELİ


This form is very similar to - den beri.

To specify a period of time beginning with some action in the past and continuing up to the present, we place -eli after the verb stem indicating that action.

- Buraya geleli hiç nezle olmadım. ---> I haven´t had a cold since I came here.

- Evi satalı üç defa apartman değiştirdim. ----> Since I sold the house I have changed apartments three times.

The -eli suffix can only be used with a verb stem. This is one of the points in which it differs from the -den beri form.

The other important difference is that the -eli form is used when the whole period is measured and not the activity during that period.

- Ali işini bırakalı üç ay oluyor. ---> It is 3 months now since Ali quit his job.

-eli marks the begining of a period. It does not indicate person or take personal endings if the subject of the verb with -eli is other than the subject of the main clause, it should be indicated by the appropriate noun or pronoun.

-Sen gideli hiç bir şeyde zevk kalmadı. ---> Since you´ve gone there is no joy left in anything.

* A second characteristic of this form is that it can be used with a negative verb.

- Ondan mektup almayalı kaç ay oluyor ? ---> How long [How many months] it has been since you last heard from him ? 

 

 



Edited (3/11/2016) by Henry [added Tunci´s explanation.]
Edited (3/11/2016) by Henry

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4.       Henry
2604 posts
 11 Mar 2016 Fri 01:15 am

 

Quoting yeniöğrenci

* what does uyuduğunu mean? uyumak means to sleep uyudu means slept but uyuduğunu??? and why did we add these suffixes?

 

If you ask for a meaning, it always helps when you show the full sentence where the word was used.

This word is part of a relative clause, that will describe a noun that is the object of a sentence. 

You know uyumak means to sleep. The next part ´diği/duğu´ tells us that it is either present or past tense

uyuduğu insanlar = the people who were sleeping, the people who slept

as opposed to the future tense (y)eceği / (y)acağı

uyuyacağı insanlar = the people who will sleep.

We looked after the people who slept.

Uyuduğu insanlara baktık.

You can read more by clicking here, where it is described as object participles

I would need to see the whole sentence, and then I might be able to explain more.



Edited (3/11/2016) by Henry [added link to Manisa Turkish site]

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5.       Henry
2604 posts
 11 Mar 2016 Fri 03:55 am

 

Quoting yeniöğrenci

* öyle means like that? and şöyle?

 

I´m not sure if you´re aware of

bu, şu and o (this, that, that further away)

burada, şurada and orada (here, there and there further away)

bunlar, şunlar, onlar (these, those, them/they)

and hopefully you can see a pattern emerging

böyle, şöyle and öyle 

They are forms of adverbials/determiners and function as manner adverbials (in this/that way, like this/that) They differ in the same way as bu/şu/o

Öyle has to be used when reference is being made to a manner of doing something, or to a kind of category, that belongs to a context away from the speech situation.

Uzmanlar öyle söylüyorlar.

That´s what the experts say. (The experts say it in that way)

Acaba sizde şöyle bir şey var mı?

I wonder whether you have anything like this? (Whilst showing the item to the person you are asking)

Ananası böyle kesmemen gerekiyordu.

You shouldn´t have cut the pineapple like this.

You also have the expression şöyle böyle meaning so so, fair

Nasılsınız? How are you?

Şöyle böyle. So so (not great, fair, nothing special)

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6.       Henry
2604 posts
 11 Mar 2016 Fri 04:12 am

 

Quoting yeniöğrenci

* "kitap ihtiyacım" I know that ihtiyacım means I need but what is it? I mean I can´t find wether this word is a verb or...?

ihtiyaç is a noun, and like other nouns it can take a suffix to indicate possession

kedim = my cat

ihtiyacım = my need

It can also be combined to make a verb

ihtiyaç olmak = to need, to be in need of, to be necessary

ihtiyaç duymak = to feel a/the need (for)

 

 

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7.       yeniöğrenci
18 posts
 08 Apr 2016 Fri 07:16 am

thank you all very much but can anyone explaine why it´s öğrenmeye i mean now i understand what öğrenme mean but why we add ´ye´ at the end?

thanks

 

8.       denizli
970 posts
 08 Apr 2016 Fri 03:49 pm

 

Quoting yeniöğrenci

thank you all very much but can anyone explaine why it´s öğrenmeye i mean now i understand what öğrenme mean but why we add ´ye´ at the end?

thanks

 

 

Certain verbs require -ya/ye. Explaining it would be like asking: 

explain why do you say ´I started to run´ but you can´t say ´I finished to run´?

 

A few more examples:

Start writing. Yazmaya başlayın.

Let´s go swimming. Hadi yüzmeye gidelim.

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