Understand you this sentence? Maybe, understand I have got not...

check your english grammar book and you will understand it (hopefully)

Where is the problem? The first sentence is in simple present and the second in present perfect just as you suggested...

and what`s so problematic with that?

Have you got money? = Do you have money?

is different in meaning and gramatical tense from

Have you got money? = Have you acquired/obtained money?

You´re correct in the context of the 2nd sentence.

Vineyards was referring to the redundant use of "got" in first.

what I mean is they are just gramatically correct. I wasn`t referring to the use of the word "got". Even when its use is concerned it sounds quite right to me.

"I have got money" means I have acquired money and I still have it.

 It shows that we could care less, if we cared to, but we do not actually care anymore (it´s not worth the effort),  even though there are still some dregs left in the bottom of the bag.

Instead we are NOT going to care at all...............it´s implied....

Of course, they are grammatically correct. There is no doubt about it. Though perfectly valid for all intents and purposes, there are certain words, phrases or sometimes entire sentences borrowed from other languages. The structure in question for example contains  words that entered the language from old Germanic dialects. When this is the case, more than often specific rules such as those applying to conjugation, pluralization etc are also imported. We have many examples to that in Turkish too. For example,  the words : nizam, tanzim, intizam, muntazam are all derived from the same root  and are conjugated according to the rules of the Arabic language. Through extensive usage, we (at least until lately) used these variations as if it were the most natural thing to conjugate words like that. 

Political, religious or other influences temporarily open a window into another language. The words or usages that came through that window may or may not last. If  you checked out a Turkish dictionary belonging to some 50 years ago, you would be amazed at the number of Arabic and Persian words. Many of them however have now disappeared. The birth and the divergence of other dialects of English might be signalling a new phase of development driven mostly by the internal dynamics of the English language.

Not long ago, before Roger Ascham and other (patriotic!) educators initiated the education reform in England, French and Latin were primarily used in education. It is through their efforts that English has gained the support of its own people. Similar things can be said of the Finnish,Greek, Bulgarian and Hungarian languages. In all these countries, the patriotic sentiment was instrumental in the revival of the domestic tongues.

´Have you money?´ sounds completely weird to me!  - You could say ´Do you have money?´ or as you said ´Have you got money?´ both - to me - would translate as ´are you wealthy?´ rather than ´have you any cash on you?´

´Got´ is a strange word (and I´m sure some Turks are sniggering now!) and I have no idea how it ´got´ into the English vocabulary.  Why do we say ´I´ve got to go now´ meaning ´I must go now´?  (another strange thing we tend to say is ´I´m going to go now´ - what´s wrong with ´I´m going now´? - why stick the infinitive in there?)  

I think we use ´get/got´ so much because it´s a lazy way of avoioding longer words  

Check your grammer book, hopefully you will understand.