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Scalpel is correct on saying that both the full and short infinitives are nouns. Yes and infinitive is the noun form of a verb. Like all nouns they take case suffixes.
An infinitive in nominative case is always the full infinitive.
An infinitive in dative case is always the short infinitive.
An infinitive in accusative case is always the short infinitive.
An infinitive in nominative case is 'always' the short infinitive.
An infinitive in locative case is always the full infinitive. *
An infinitive in ablative case is 'always' the full infinitive. **
* The short infinitive is sometimes used here but I don't suggest this.
** In some historical phrases which are very limited in number, the short infinitive still exist with the ablative: "yemeden içmeden kesildi".
Summary:
(no suffix) nominative : -mek > gitmek
(-e,-a case) dative : -me > gitmeye
(-ı,-i,-u,-ü case) accusative : -me > gitmeyi
(-ın,-in,-un,-ün) genitive : -me > gitmenin
(-de,-da case) locative : -mek > gitmekte
(-den,-dan case) ablative case : -mek > gitmekten
Pick any transitive verb and add an infinitive as object.
Example:
sevmek is a transitive verb. It takes -i case. So we say "öğrenmeyi seviyorum", "okumayı seviyorum".
Hoşlanmak is a transitive verb. It takes -den case. So we say "öğrenmekten hoşlanıyorum", "okumaktan hoşlanıyorum".
istemek is a transitive verb. It takes both the accusative case or nominative case. So we say "öğrenmek istiyorum", "okumak istiyorum".
"An infinitive in nominative case is always the full infinitive."
This is correct in any case including noun sentences.
"Türkçe öğrenmek çok kolay."
"Yüzmek çok güzel."
The short infinitive doesn't exist in nominative case except,
1. building permanent nouns: düşÃ¼nme, yüzme, okuma
2. creating noun modifications: yürüme hızı, dönme süresi, gitme zamanı.
Bod,
It is not only istemek but there are other verbs that take an infinitive as an object in nominative case.
Gerekmek is a second one:
"Çok konuşmak gerekmez."
"Çok su içmek gerekiyor."
Olmak is a third one:
"Gitmek olmaz."
"İlk yapacağım şey uyumak olacak."
So I found three verbs (istemek, gerekmek, olmak) so far in this category. Sorry, I don't know any source that includes this kind information. Some information I give in forums I derive on my own.
Scalpel,
I too wrote many times that infinitives are nouns.
Quoting erdinc: http://www.turkishclass.com/forumTitle_27_5159
I have decided to use the term "short infinitive" instead "verbal noun suffix". After all the infinitive is the noun form of a verb. |
Quoting erdinc: http://www.turkishclass.com/forumTitle_6_5224
The infinitive is by definition the noun form of a verb and doesn't need any other suffix. While -mek is the full infinitive we have also the short infinitive -me. Both are nouns. For instance in the above sentence okuma is the short infinitive. |
Quoting erdinc:
http://www.turkishclass.com/forumTitle_27_5291_2
All infinitives are verbal nouns as well. For instance "yüzmek" is also a verbal noun. An infinitive is a verb's noun form. "yüzme" is the short infinitive. |
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