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the - man [-men] suffix in Turkish
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1. |
26 Sep 2011 Mon 03:06 pm |
This suffix -man [-men] makes some verbs nouns. [note ; not all verbs, some verbs ! ]
The Formula is ;
Verb stem + man [men] according to vowel harmony
Danışmak ---> To counsult, to advice ---- Danışman ---> Consultant, adviser
Öğretmek ---> To teach ------ Öğretmen ---> Teacher
Eğitmek -----> To educate ---- Eğitmen -----> Educater
Göçmek ------> To immigrate ---> Göçmen ---> Immigrant
Seçmek -------> To choose, to elect,to vote -----> Seçmen ----> Voter [in elections]
Yönetmek ------> To manage, to direct ------> Yönetmen -----> Director [ in films]
Şişmek ---------> To swell, to get fat ------> Şişman --------> Fat
Saymak ----------> To count -------> Sayman -----> Accountant
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26 Sep 2011 Mon 09:40 pm |
The Suffix " -cık [ -cik, -cuk, cük ]
1. when it is put in the end of nouns it gives the meaning of " affection, compassion , diminutive suffix "
ev [ house ] -------> evcik ------> little house
kedi [cat] ----------> kedicik ------> little cat, poor cat.
kuş [bird] ----------> kuşçuk -------> little bird, poor bid
Ali ---------------> Alicik ---------> little Ali, poor Ali
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3. |
26 Sep 2011 Mon 10:06 pm |
2. when the Suffix " -cık [ -cik, -cuk, cük ] comes to the end of Some adjectives ,it strengthens their [adjectives] meanings.
Az [little,less] ---> Azıcık ----> Very little
Mini [ small, short ] --> Minicik ---> Very small, very short
Sıcak [ Hot ] --------> Sıcacık ---> Very hot
Yumuşak [Soft] -------> Yumuşacık ---> Very soft
Dar [ Narrow ] ---------> Daracık ------> Very narrow
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4. |
26 Sep 2011 Mon 10:20 pm |
3. The Suffix " -cık [ -cik, -cuk, cük ] is used to adress people when its used with possessive suffix.
Babacığım ----> My dear Father
Anneciğim ------> My dear Mother
Ablacığım --------> My dear sister [older sister]
Amcacığım --------> My dear uncle [father´s side]
Dayıcığım ----------> My dear uncle [mother´s side]
Ayşeciğim ----------> My dear Ayşe
Nurcuğum -----------> My dear Nur
Edited (9/26/2011) by tunci
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5. |
26 Sep 2011 Mon 10:26 pm |
4. The Suffix " -cık [ -cik, -cuk, cük ] also makes some nouns " the place " name.
Ovacık
Germencik
Ayvacık
Saraycık
Yakacık
Tepecik
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6. |
26 Sep 2011 Mon 11:55 pm |
The suffix " -daş [-deş ]
Some nouns take this suffix and it changes their meaning into "togetherness, equality "
Ad [name] -----> Adaş [ one with the same name as other, namesake ]
Karın [ Tummy,womb] ----> [Karındaş] Kardeş ---> One who comes from same tummy [womb] [ sibling]
Çağ [ era ] + daş ---> Çağdaş [ Contemporary,modern]
Meslek [ profession ] + taş ["d" turns into "t" ] ----> Meslektaş ---> Collegaue
Soy [race] ----> Soydaş ---> A person who comes from same ancestor.
Vatan [ country ] ---> Vatandaş ----> Countryman, Citizen.
Yol [ road ] ---> Yoldaş ----> Companion, Comrade
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7. |
27 Sep 2011 Tue 09:20 am |
Hello, tunci, nice new thread. The transparency of Turkish words is amazing and it´s good you explain it to us learners.
It also rises up a rhetoric question. As in Turkish (and in other agglutivative languages) many words are produced from the same stems, is it that in these languages the grammar book is thicker and the dictionary book is thinner than in English, for instance?
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27 Sep 2011 Tue 12:20 pm |
You are a hero teacher tunci...you constantly think what could help learners...
Thanks a ton for your effort.....
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9. |
27 Sep 2011 Tue 12:25 pm |
Hello, tunci, nice new thread. The transparency of Turkish words is amazing and it´s good you explain it to us learners.
It also rises up a rhetoric question. As in Turkish (and in other agglutivative languages) many words are produced from the same stems, is it that in these languages the grammar book is thicker and the dictionary book is thinner than in English, for instance?
Hello Abla, thats a very good question. I never thought that question before. In my opinion Most Turkish words are open to develop and transform into new words by adding suffixes. We need to look at the historical development of Turkish language , In Ottoman times unfortunately Turkish was neglected and influenced by other languages [ Arabic, Farisi] but since M.Kemal Ataturk brought reforms and purification into Turkish it restarted improving. So , new words were added into Turkish dictionary. In my opinion that purification should continue as long as Turkish people adapt them into daily life.
Example ;
Yön ---> way, direction
Yönet ---> To give direction, to direct
Yönetici ---> Director
Yönlendirmek ---> To guide,to lead
Yönetim ---> Management, administration
Yöntem ----> Method, the way
Yönelik ------> intended, aimed at
Yönetmelik ---> regulations
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10. |
27 Sep 2011 Tue 02:57 pm |
This suffix -man [-men] makes some verbs nouns. [note ; not all verbs, some verbs ! ]
The Formula is ;
Verb stem + man [men] according to vowel harmony
Danışmak ---> To counsult, to advice ---- Danışman ---> Consultant, adviser
Öğretmek ---> To teach ------ Öğretmen ---> Teacher
Eğitmek -----> To educate ---- Eğitmen -----> Educater
Göçmek ------> To immigrate ---> Göçmen ---> Immigrant
Seçmek -------> To choose, to elect,to vote -----> Seçmen ----> Voter [in elections]
Yönetmek ------> To manage, to direct ------> Yönetmen -----> Director [ in films]
Şişmek ---------> To swell, to get fat ------> Şişman --------> Fat
Saymak ----------> To count -------> Sayman -----> Accountant
Except for şişman, these are new inventions as a result of language reform. But it´s actually an effort of imitating English -man suffix.
snowman, showman, salesman etc.
As for şişman, it may be another suffix for noun stems.
şiş-man
deliş-men
köle-men
koca-man
Türk-men
ata-man
etc.
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