We can´t. That´s the difference between conjugating existing stems and deriving new ones from them. You can add for instance the dative ending to any noun but rules about deriving are only guidelines. The use of this knowledge is that when we see a long exhausting word we can try to split it into pieces and then guess what it might mean.

Merhaba Tunci,

I am a new student of Turkish, and after seeing your postings I noticed that you are being a huge contributor to this internet site, I thank you for taking the time and post all these explanations and examples. We need more people like you.

Thank you again my friend,

Bernardo

 Estağfurullah Benmora. I am doing nothing. There are many good teachers in this site that are better than me. They all helping learners constantly..Hoşgeldin Türkçeye [ Welcome into Turkish !  ] Good luck ! [iyi şanslar ! ]

GERUNDS OF CONJUNCTION   -IP, -İP, -UP, ÜP

This connects one verb into another by adding -IP, -İP, -UP, ÜP into stem of first verb.

FORMULA IS ;

VERB STEM         +        -IP, -İP, -UP, ÜP     +  NEXT CLAUSE

İşten çıktı ve eve gitti.  =  İşten çıkıp eve gitti. = He/she left work and went home.

Her sabah erken kalkarım ve koşarım = Her sabah erken kalkıp koşarım = Every morning I get up early and run.

Ali arabaya bindi ve gitti = Ali arabaya binip gitti = Ali got in the car and went [drove off ]

Ahmet beni gördü ve selam verdi = Ahmet beni görüp selam verdi = Ahmet saw me and greeted me.

Sustu ve sandalyeye oturdu  =  Susup sandalyeye oturdu. = He/she got quiet and sat on the chair.

I don´t know the grammar books (for the suffixes) you two use, but mine is Türk Dil Bilgisi by Prof.Dr.Muharrem Ergin which is the top reference book for Turkish suffixes.

-k, -k and -ak, -ek are different suffixes (page 188)

268. -k, -k

saç.ı.k, kaç.ı.k, kon.u.k, yat.ı.k

269. -ak, -ek

saç.ak, kaç.ak, kon.ak, yat.ak 

Examples are chosen (by me   from the same verb roots to make the difference clear:

saçık and saçak

kaçık and kaçak

konuk and konak

yatık and yatak have different meanings. 

The following part is for si++ and tunci...that´s why it´s in Turkish...sorry for the learners..

-k,-k (yaptığı isimler umumiyetle fiilin gösterdiği harekete uğramış olan, bazan da o hareketten doğmuş bulunan veya  hareketi yapan çeşitli nesneleri karşılar)

-ak, -ek ( yaptığı isimler fiilin gösterdiği hareketi çokça yapanı,olanı, yapılanı; o hareketin yapıldığı yeri, âleti; o hareketle yapılan şeyi; hasılı fiilin tesirinde kalan çeşitli nesneleri karşılar)

Hope this help both of you 

 Thanks for your adding into discussion Scalpel. Actually we are all saying same things.

-k,-k (yaptığı isimler umumiyetle fiilin gösterdiği harekete uğramış olan, bazan da o hareketten doğmuş bulunan veya  hareketi yapan çeşitli nesneleri karşılar)

-ak, -ek ( yaptığı isimler fiilin gösterdiği hareketi çokça yapanı,olanı, yapılanı; o hareketin yapıldığı yeri, âleti; o hareketle yapılan şeyi; hasılı fiilin tesirinde kalan çeşitli nesneleri karşılar)

1. -k,-k and -ak, -ek  are transforming verbs into nouns [same function]

2. Of course ık,ik,uk,ük are different suffixes.

Same example ; dile + k --> wish

                      kür + ek --> shovel

kürümek = to shovel [note ; ü drops ] --> kür + ek

so they both transform verbs into noun although they are different nouns [ 1. Fiilin gösterdiği harekete uğramış isim, 2. Alet ismi ]

 THE SUFFIX  -MAKTA [ -MEKTE ]

This is imperfective suffix [bitmemiş ] that is mostly used in formal contexts.

FORMULA IS ;

VERB STEM + -MAKTA or -MEKTE + TENSE [IF THERE IS ] +PERSONAL SUFFIX

GöR            +   mekte             +   sin

görmektesin --> You are [ in the process of ] seeing.

bitirmekteydim ---> I was [ in the process of ] finishing.

bitir [verb stem] + mekte + y [buffering letter] + di [past tense] + m [person "I" ]

* It can also be followed by -DIR when the person is in the 3rd person singular or plural form.

Gelmektedirler ---> They are [ in the process of ] coming

Görülmemektedir ----> It is not seen / observed  [negative form]

THE OPTATIVE SUFFIX -[y]A  ----> Dilek bildiren ek

The optative suffix comes mostly into the 1.person singular and plural forms ;

gideyim ---> Let me go   ---> git + e + lim

okuyalım --> Let´s read   ----> oku + [y]a + lım

içelim -----> Let´s drink  -----> iç + e + lim

* [y]a may also be followed by [y] Dı  or [y]mış

Gideydim ---> If I had gone  [ Oraya gideydim görürdün ---> If I had gone there ,you would see ]

*Note : [y]a  is an informal alternative to the conditional suffix -sA

-man, -men is found in some nouns made from nouns, and the suffix indicates exagerration and similarity:

(as in the examples:koca.man, kara.man, küçü.men)

It is also found in some nouns made from verbs:

(as in the examples: az.man, deliş.men, öğret.men, say.man, seç.men ) 

If I am not wrong si++ claims -man, -men is imitation of English man when used to make nouns from verbs, because of some new words as öğret.men (teach.man), say.man (count.man), seç.men (vote.man) 

This is a funny theory

It is 100% Turkish when used to form nouns from nouns, right? So why it should be English when used to form nouns from verbs?

I just had a thought about this. Interesting about how we can now see how many Turkish words were constructed from these suffixes. Seems like many established Turkish words constructed in this way? I know this curiosity might not matter much if one is just learning the language for personal reasons but still am curious.