I hope this will help you.
The most essential characteristic of Turkish is its use of suffixes.
Where English uses separate words and prefixes, Turkish expresses the sense by means of suffixes. Turkish does not use prefixes except for a few words borrowed from other languages. A suffix is often added to a Turkish word in order to convey the meaning.
The suffixes '...lı/li/lu/lü' and ...sız/siz/suz/süz'
*The suffixs '...lı/li/lu/lü'is used to form adgectives meaning 'possessed of', 'having'
.akıl - intelligence, akıllı - intelligent
.renk - color,renkli - colorful
.ev - house, evlı - married
.tuz - salt, tuzlu - salty
.örtü - cover, örtülü - covered
.umut - hope, umutlu - hopeful
*The suffix '...sız/siz/suz/süz'
.akıllı - intelligent, akılsız - unreasonable, foolish
.umutlu - hopeful, umutsuz - hopeless
.dikkatli - careful, dikkatsiz - careless
.renkli - colorful, renksiz - colorless
.mutlu - happy, mutsuz - unhappy
.başarılı - successful, başarsız - unsuccessful
.güçlü - powerful, güçsüz - powerless
*The suffix '...lık/lik/luk/lük'
This suffix is used to form abstract nouns or the name of the profession. It is usually means '-ness'
.güzel - beautiful, güzellik - beauty
.bankacı - banker, bankacılık - banking
.büyük - great, large, büyüklük greatness, size
.suçlu - guilty, suçuluk - guiltiness
*The suffix '...c(ç)ı/c(ç)i/c(ç)u/c(ç)ü'
Nouns formed by using this suffix indicates the person who does the profession.
.kitap - book, kitapçı - bookseller
.tamir - repair, tamirci - repairman
.odun - firewood, oduncu - seller of firewood
.süt - milk, sütçü
*The suffix '...c(ç)ık/c(ç)ik/c(ç)uk/c(ç)ük'
This suffix is used after noun to form diminutive. It indicates smallness, affection, sarcasm or contempt.
.kitap - book, kitapçık - little book
.ada - island, adacık - little island, isle
.Ali - Ali, Alicik - little Ali, good old Ali
* A final 'k' may drop out before the suffix.
.minik - tiny, minicik - very tiny
.ufak - little, ufacık - tiny
*The suffix '...c(ç)ağız/c(ç)eğiz' is used pityingly.
.adam - man, adamcağız - poor man
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