True. There is also the possibility that a person could chose not to get involved in any armed conflict just because it contradicts with his/her belief or opinion. In the case of Muhammad Ali, there are other factors which he explained by saying that he had no interest whatsoever in taking part in the wars of the Christian community his being a Muslim who would only answer a call to arms issued by Muslim leaders in line with the teachings of Quran. That would be a holy war or jihad which is the Islamic version of crusade.
Today by definition most industrialized societies are run by secular regimes requiring worldly and religious affairs to be seperated. In other words, while it sounds logical to open a window for different beliefs, it seems rather problematic to accord legislation to the specific needs of individual religions in certain controversial matters like military service. The cause of Muhammed Ali therefore a controversial one too. True, he is a conscientious objector but he also states he would answer a religious call to war and how much does that violate his responsibilities as a citizen is a matter of curious debate.
On the other hand, if a nation attacks other nations by intentionally placing themselves on the side of a certain religion and demonizes other religion(s) how secular can it be considered to be? Doesn´t the EU describe itself as a community with shared values. It goes without saying that many of those are Christian values making it a Christian club. Could minorities living in anyone of these countries seek exemption from military service on account that their governments act contrary to the requirements of their religions? I understand most of those countries do not have compulsory military service but at least a few of them do have.
Interesting, today he probably would have been sent to Guantanamo.
Actually, at least in the US, there are many religions who are known as conscientious objectors. The Quakers, Mennonites, Amish are groups of Peace Churchs in particular that are famous for this issue.
"War will exist until the distant day when the conscientious objector enjoys the same reputation and prestige as the warrior does today."
– John F. Kennedy (1917-1963), the thirty-fifth President of the United States, letter to a Navy friend
In 1948, the issue of the right to “conscience” was dealt with by the United Nations General Assembly in Article 18 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It reads: “Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance.” The proclamation was ratified during the General Assembly on 10 December 1948 by a vote of 48 in favour, 0 against, with 8 abstentions.
The issue of conscientious objectors has become a hot topic lately, as many are concerned about the return of the military draft.
More here:
Edited (5/21/2009) by alameda
[spaceing....my 2,000 post!]
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