TO BE VERB IN TURKISH!

Hello again. In this lesson, we are going to discuss about the personal pronouns and their personal endings. Because of Personal Pronouns and Personal Endings are one of the most important topics of Turkish language lessons, I have put this lesson at Beginner Level. Let´s start the lesson!

In English, we use six personal pronouns and these are; I am, You are, he/she/it is, We are, You are (plural) and They are.

In Turkish, we have got six personal pronouns too. Let´s see these pronouns with simple table below:

In English, we describe personal pronouns by "am/is/are" postposition. In Turkish, we don´t do like this. In Turkish, we do this by the personal-ending-suffixes.

First, let´s see personal endings table and then talk about it:

Now relax! Never allow this table to fear your eye, vowel in paranthysis may fear you but we will detect them according to Major Vowel Harmony. By a simpler table below, you are goint to see that personal endings are too easy to use:

As you see, we choose these vowels according to the last vowel of words. Now, describe personal pronouns by some very-known adjectives. We are going to use "öğrenci (student), uzun (tall), short (kısa), zeki (clever, intelligent), güzel (beautiful) :

As you see, by using the conjugation table of personal endings, it is easier to decide which suffix we are going to use. Note that we always look at last vowel. When adding suffix, we don´t care other vowels of words. By the way, I hope you have noticed about the unbold "y" character  This is a connection word for two vowels. If word ends with a vowel and if suffix starts with a vowel, too, then we put "y" between them.

Ben bir öğrenciyim: I am a student.

Sen bir öğrencisin: You are a student.

Biz öğrenciyiz: We are students.

Ben uzunum: I am tall

Sen kısasın: You are short.

Sen çok zekisin: You are very clever.

O çok güzel: She is very beautiful.

Now, let´s conjugate "aç, tok, mutlu and mutsuz" adjectives.

Aç: hungry ... tok: not hungry, full ... mutlu: happy ... mutsuz: unhappy.

Conjugation for "aç" and "tok" adjectives:

Conjugation for "mutlu and mutsuz" adjectives:

Ben çok mutluyum: I am very happy.

Sen çok mutsuzsun: You are very unhappy.

Biz açız: We are hungry.

Siz toksunuz: You are not hungry, you are full.

Examples:

Biz turistiz: We are tourists.

Siz öğretmensiniz: You are teachers.

We can also use this to structure to express our Occupations!

Ben bir doktorum: I am a doctor.

Ben bir pilotum: I am a pilot.

Siz hemşiresiniz: You are nurses.

Ben bir askerim: I am a soldier.

You are going to understand better this structure as you set new sentences. Next topic is going to be the negative form of "to be."

thx

turkishcobra //