Tunci, I do not understand the term ´consonant derivation´.

I understand ´consonant´, (letters that are not vowels)

and ´derivation´ is the process of getting something from an origin.

Can you give some examples please? 

 Henry, this can be also called " consonant doubling" ,

In small numbers of nouns the final consonant is duplicated when a vowel is attached to it. These are words borrowed from Arabic language.

Hak = right             Haklar = rights              Hakkım = my right

Sır = secret            Sırlar = secrets             Sırrı = his/her secret [or accusative case]

                          Sırdan = from secret       Sırra ---> to the secret [dative case]

As you see in those loanwords the final consonant doubles when it takes possesive, dative case, accusative case..[since we attach the vowel onto the word]

Ahhh ´consonant doubling´. Çok teşekkürler Tunci.

A very good Turkish friend gave me some more examples earlier.

These are single syllable words where consonant doubling occurs when followed by a vowel.

zan - zannı = guess, supposition (noun)

zan + etmek = zannetmek = to suppose, to guess = sanmak [sanırım ]

af - affı = forgiveness, pardon

af + etmek = affetmek = to excuse, to pardon, to forgive

affedersiniz = excuse me, pardon me (literal: you will excuse)

his - hissi = feeling

hissetmek = to feel

ret - reddi = refusal, rejection

reddetmek = to refuse, to reject

Good examples Henry !  

# In which sentence below, the word "birden" used differently from others [ in different meaning ] ?

A- Birden yağmur başladı.

B- Adamın sesi birden kesildi.

C- Birden içeri girip bana bağırdı.

D- Hepsi birden konuşuyor ,hiçbir şey anlamıyorum.

E- Odanın kapısı birden açılınca korktu.

D -  the action are at a time (for the A, B, C, E - the meaning is suddenly)

 Excellent answer Elena, bravo sana !

teşekkürler Hocam

 Rica ederim. Evet, the action is happening all at once in "D" whereas in others it occurs [occured] suddenly.

Some translation practise for me  Are my translations correct?

A- Birden yağmur başladı.

It suddenly rained

B- Adamın sesi birden kesildi.

The man´s voice suddenly stopped. (was cut)

C- Birden içeri girip bana bağırdı.

Suddenly he entered and shouted at me.

D- Hepsi birden konuşuyor ,hiçbir şey anlamıyorum.

All of them are talking at the same time so I´m not understanding anything.

E- Odanın kapısı birden açılınca korktu.

He was afraid when the door of the room was suddenly opened.

# In which sentence below, "time" [yarın] is stressed ?

A- Yarın, bu telefonu sen işyerine getir.

B- Bu telefonu işyerine yarın sen getir.

C- İşyerine yarın sen bu telefonu getir.

D- Sen yarın, bu telefonu işyerine getir.

E- Sen bu telefonu işyerine yarın getir.