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Turkish Grammar-5: Pronouns-5.3

F) INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS

 

kim (who)

 

You can put case suffixes or plural suffix like you can do put to the common nouns.

 

kim+ler(plural)-------->kimler (it is "who" again in English :D)

kim+in(genitive)------->kimin (whose)

 

kamyon (the truck)

 

kim+in kamyon+i ---------------->kimin kamyonu

 

O kimin kamyonu? (Whose truck is it?)

 

görmek (to see)

 

kim+ler+i(accusative)------------>kimleri (whom (plural))

gör+di+n------------------------>gördün (you saw)

 

Kimleri gördün? (Whom did you see?)

 

hangi (which)

 

hangi+i(posessive)------------------->hangisi (which one of them?)

hangi+miz--------------------------->hangimiz (which one of us?)

hangi+niz---------------------------->hanginiz (which one of you?)

hangi+ler+i-------------------------->hangileri (which ones of them?)

hangi+ler+miz------------------------>hangilerimiz (which ones of us?)

hangi+ler+niz------------------------->hangileriniz (which ones of you?)

 

pahalı (expensive)

 

Evlerin hangisi daha pahalı? (Which one of the houses is the most expensive?) (direct:Which one of the houses is more expensive?)

 

Evlerin hangileri daha pahalı? (Which ones of the houses is the most expensive?) (direct...................more expensive?)

 

kaç tane (how many?)

kaç

 

kaç+ı / kaç tane+i------------------->kaçı / kaç tanesi (how many of them?)

kaç+mız/kaç tane+miz--------------->kaçımız/kaç tanemiz (how many of us?)

kaç+nız/kaç tane+niz---------------->kaçınız/kaç taneniz (how many of you?)

 

Kaç taneniz/kaçınız burada kalacak? (How many of you will stay here?)

 

-DEN KAÇI/KAÇ TANESİ // -İN KAÇI/KAÇ TANESİ

 

Seneye öğretmenlerinizden/öğretmenlerinizin kaç tanesi emekli olacak? (How many of your teachers will get retired next year?)

 

The question becomes more specific when you say "kaç tanesi". But this is not a very important detail. Don´t think this very much. Go on!

 

ne kadar (how much)

 

ne kadar+ı--------------------->ne kadarı (how much of them/it)

 

Yoğurdun ne kadarı kaldı? (How much of the yoghurt remained?)

Yarısı kaldı. (Half of it remained)

 

G) REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

 

The essential reflexive pronoun is "kendi". We add the posessive suffixes.

 

kendi (oneself)

 

as nominative:

kendi+m -----------> kendim (myself)

kendi+n------------> kendin (yourself)

kendi/kendi+i-------> kendi/kendisi (itself, himself, herself)

kendi+miz----------> kendimiz (ourselves)

kendi+niz---------->  kendiniz (yourselves)

kendi+leri----------> kendileri (theirselves)

 

You can add case suffixes.

 

pasta (the cake)

yapmak (1to do, 2to make)

 

kendi+m+e pasta yap+dı+m----->kendime pasta yaptım (i made (a) cake (for) myself.)

 

pasta+ı(acc.)------------------->pastayı

 

Pastayı kendim yaptım. (I made the cake myself)

 

dev (the giant)

ayna (the mirror)

dev aynası (the distorting mirror (direct: the giant mirror))

görmek (to see)

 

kendi+i dev ayna+ı+da görmek----------->kendini dev aynasında görmek (to think no small beer of oneself)

 

kendi+de--->kendinde

Kendinde misin? (Are you conscious?) (direct: Are you at yourself?)

 

kendi kendine (only oneself)

 

Kendi kendime konuşuyordum (I was talking to myself)

Kendi kendine güler. (He laughs to himself) (namely, there is no one around him. He laughs by himself)


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