1. Negatives of nouns and adjectives

To make a noun or adjective negative, add the word değil at the end of the adjective or noun.

2. Negatives of verbs

To make a verb negative, add the suffix -me at the root of the verb.

to come --> gel-mek

not to come --> gel-me-mek (the negating suffix is always added at the verb root)

Note how the suffix is added at the root. This is always the case. A verb may have many suffixes, but the negating suffix is always immediately after the verb root. All the other suffixes follow as if they are being added to the positive of the verb.

gel-di --> geldi --> he came

gel-me-di --> gelmedi --> he did not come

ol-mak ya da ol-ma-mak --> olmak ya da olmamak --> to be or not to be

3. There is, there is not

In Turkish, there are special words for there is and there is not. In particular:

there is --> var

there is not --> yok

Let's make sentences with these words:

There is a book on the table. --> Masada bir kitap var.

There isn't a table in this room. --> Bu odada (bir) masa yok.

The words 'var' and 'yok' are more important than this, since they are used when you want to say "I have" or "I don't have" as well. In Turkish, to say "I have something", you say "There is my something". Let's give examples:

I have a book. --> (Benim) kitabım var.

Aylin has a car. --> Aylin'in arabası var.

This woman has seven cats. --> Bu kadının yedi kedisi var. (Like saying "There is this woman's seven cats")

I don't have a car. --> (Benim) arabam yok.

My uncle does not have a daughter. --> Amcamın kızı yok.