Canlı, you are actually correct. The genitive case is sometimes also called the possessive case. 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genitive_case

Canlı, I knew you would ask about the other components. This is why I suggested this topic is too complicated. I can´t even find an English term for one of the main components. Besides many verb sentences don´t have any object at all. Also all noun sentences exclude objects. I don´t think this is a verb useful topic for learners.  

The subject is biz. It is not insanlar. Biz is hidden subject (or dropped subject) here. 

"hem sözlü hem de sözsüz mesajları" is the object phrase. You take the whole phrase as object. 

 "aynı anda" is called "zarf tümleci" which means adverbial complement. Or just adverb.  There is another part at the beginning "insanlar arası iletişimde". This component is called dolaylı tümleç (indirect complement). A modern term is yer/yön tümleci (location/direction complement).

In short a Turkish sentence has three components:

1. the predicate (this can be a verb in verb sentences or a noun or adjective in noun sentences.)

2. the subject (this can be a hidden subject since we like to drop them)

3. the complement. This consists of four components : the object, the adverb, the location/direction indicator and the particles.  

Merhaba Doudi,

The -in suffix is the genitive case. It takes the n buffer. Ali´nin means Ali´s.

Arabası means "his/her/its car". It has a possessive suffix. "s" is a buffer letter.

The question means "Does Ali have a car?"

"var" is used for two things. It can mean "there is" or it can be used for ´have sentences´ (I made up this term.). In our example it is used for a ´have sentence´. The point is that we don´t have the verb "to have". Therefore, instead saying "I have" we say "there is my". Here is an example:

Benim arabam var.

I have a car.

Notice how we change from "I" in the English sentence to "my" (benim) in the Turkish sentence. If we had a "to have" verb this wouldn´t be necessary. Then we would be able to say "I have". The literal translation of "Benim arabam var" is "My car there is" but of course you don´t need to worry about the literal translations. You just need to know that "Ali´nin arabası" means "Ali´s car".

If we said "Bu Ali´nin arabası" you would translate as "This is Ali´s car". Here the languages are close to each other. But if we said "Ali´nin arabası var mı?". Then you would translate as "Does Ali have a car?". Here the languages differ because the lack of ´have´ in Turkish. 

sizce: in your opinion

I think now you might be able to understand the question "Sizce Ali nasıl bir insan?"

Thanks for correcting. Some English words are more difficult for us than others. Another spelling mistake is kalbini. Of course it is not kalpini. I have to create a pattern in my mind to spell difficult English words correctly, like business, continuous, bicycle etc.

if you only had one memory what would that be?

Eğer sana kalan sadece bir anı olsaydı bu hangisi olurdu?

Yes, "kalbini" is correct. The reason is actually the "a" sound in kalp. It is not the regular "a". Loanwords, taken from other languages have different vowel sounds. Another example is gol (in football) which takes also front vowels: golü, golden sonra etc.

Caliptrix explains correctly the idea behind this as pronounciation. Indeed pronounciation takes priority over spelling. With originaly Turkish words pronounciation is the same as the spelling so there is no problem. But with foreign words you need to think about the pronounciation and not the spelling. Here is another example: Manchester´da, Manchester´a.

Hi,

Somebody asked why we have used the n buffer in this sentence instead the y buffer. 

İşimi bitirdikten sonra ben kızkardeşimle spor salonuna gittim.

The reason is because the -u that is just before the -n buffer.

İşimi bitirdikten sonra ben kızkardeşimle spor salonuna gittim.

This -u is a possessive suffix. After a third person plural or singular possessive suffix we use the n buffer. Let´s quickly remember possessive suffixes and afterwards I will explain what a possessive suffix has to do in the above sentence. 

Example 1:

singulars

1. benim kedim

2. senin kedin

3. onun kedisi

plurals:

1. bizim kedimiz 

2. sizin kediniz

3. "onların kedileri" or "onların kedisi"

Example 2:

singulars:

1.benim evim

2.senin evin

3.onun evi

plurals

1.bizim evimiz

2.sizin eviniz

3."onların evleri" or "onların evi"

As you see only the third person singular and plural persons end with a vowel. Therefore only after the third persons you use -n buffer. Why the -n buffer? Well, this is a rule. After a third person possessive suffix we use the n buffer. With the possessive suffix itself we use the -s buffer (as you see in "onun kedisi").

Let´s repeat the topic with examples:

1. Arabaya bindi. (binmek: to get on, to board)

Here y is used because this is the dative case with an ordinary noun. "-a" suffix is the dative case. 

2. Ali´nin arabası var. 

Here the -ı is the third person possessive suffix and possessive suffixes take the -s buffer.

3. Ali arabasına bindi.  

Here the -ı is the third person possessive suffix and it has the s buffer. The -a is the dative case and it has the -n buffer because with all four case suffixes we use the n buffer if the case suffix comes after a third person possessive suffix. 

4. Ali evine gitti. 

Here the -i is the third person possessive suffix. There is no -s buffer because "ev" doesn´t end with a vowel. The -e is the dative case and it has the -n buffer. All noun cases take the n buffer after a third person possessive suffix. 

5. Ali evinde uyudu.

Here the -i is the third person possessive suffix. The -de is the locative case and it has the -n buffer because the n buffer is a little irregular and appears even if it is not between two vowels.  

Now, let´s return to the first sentence. "Spor salonu" is a compound noun. It consists of "spor", "salon" and third person singular possessive suffix.  Third person singular possessive is -ı, -i, -u, -ü is used to c onstruct compond nouns. Here are a few examples:

1. bebek arabası

2. Ankara Üniversitesi

3. otobüs durağı

4. futbol maçı

5. basketbol topu

6. şarkı sözü

7. arkeoloji müzesi

8. çocuk tiyatrosu

Some sources give this compound noun suffix a unique name. They call it compound noun suffix. I think this is unneccassy. As you see it is exactly the same suffix as the third person possessive and it takes again the -s buffer. Besides we use again the -n buffer after this coumpound noun suffix.  

"Ankara Üniversitesinde okuyorum."

Here the -i is the third person possessive suffix and it has the s buffer because üniversite ends with a vowel. The -de is the locative case and it has the -n buffer because it is used after a possessive suffix. If the locative case wasn´t used with a compound noun (Ankara Üniversitesi) then we would not use the -n buffer or any buffer:

"Üniversitede okuyorum."

In short, here is the rule:

Use the -n buffer with all 4 noun cases after a possessive suffix for third person singular or plural and after a compound noun because compound nouns also use the third person possessive suffix.    

You can put a comma or any conjunction between objects. So at the end you will have an object phrase with multiple objects. For instance you could say, "I have seen Ayşe and Ahmet". "Ayşe and Ahmet" will be the object phrase. A verb might apply to more than one item. 

The sentence below has five components. Can you identify three of them (predicate, subject, object) ? 

"İnsanlar arasındaki iletisimde, hem sözlü hem de sözsüz mesajları aynı anda kullanırız."

Canlı, I didn´t understand your question. Can you write down the sentence or sentences you are asking about?

Subject and predicate are two of the main components of sentences but the third (and last) component is called tümleç (complement). I´m not sure if there is a better translation for tümleç. Tümleç consists of four different elements. The object is only one of them. Besides this is only true for verb sentences. In noun sentences there is no object at all.

I see that you are trying to understand the accusative case. I´m not sure if sentence components are a good way for this. Sentence components are too complicated in Turkish.

Hi Carla,

The cheapest way possible is by flying to İstanbul with easyjet and taking a bus or another flight to İzmir. Easyjet flies only to İstanbul in Turkia. 

I just checked a return flight from London to İstanbul and it costs 59 pounds without check-in baggage and without insurance (both are included by default at easyjet website so make sure you exclude them). One way flights start from £33. 

I would first check travel options from İstanbul to İzmir before I book a flight from London to İstanbul. Make sure you pick a domestic flight from the same airport (Sabiha Gokcen Airport, İstanbul). Also check flight times of both domestic and easyjet flights. With a good planning you could get away with under 100 quid.

Cheers

Erdinç