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Using the verb \"istemek\" as conjunction
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30. |
13 Dec 2011 Tue 01:14 am |
In Turkish , when "n" comes just before "b" , the "n" changes into "m" ;
Çenber ---> Çember
Tenbel ----> Tembel
Çarşanba ---> Çarşamba
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* Note that this rule doesnt apply to Compound words and Proper Nouns such as ;
- Sonbahar,
- İstanbul
- Safranbolu
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31. |
13 Dec 2011 Tue 01:31 am |
Vowel Narrowing ;
When Verb Stems ends with wide vowels [a,e] and takes -yor suffix [proggressive tense], the wide vowels are replaced with narrow vowels [ı,i,u,ü].
ağla -yor ----> ağlıyor
söyle - yor ---> söylüyor
bekle - yor ----> bekliyor
de - yor -------> diyor
ye - yor -------> yiyor
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32. |
13 Dec 2011 Tue 02:25 am |
Consonant Softening ;
When a suffix starts with a vowel comes after a word that ends with [p,ç,t,k] hard consonants; the hard consonants turn into the soft consonants [b,c,d,g/ğ].
p --------> b
ç --------> c
t --------> d
k --------> g/ğ
kitap + ı ---> kitabı
ağaç + a ---> ağaca
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renk + i ------> rengi
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bebek + i ----> bebeği
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Exceptions ;
This doesnt apply to the some words ;
a. Majority of one syllable words.
tank + ı --> tankı
tek + i ---> teki
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b. In loanwords [foreign origin words]
millet + i ---> milleti
cumhuriyet + e ---> cumhuriyete
hukuk + un ----> hukukun
sanat + a ----> sanata
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c. In Proper Nouns it is applied in Verbal, but it is not applied in writing
Ahmet´in
Zonguldak´a
Sevinç´e
Edited (12/13/2011) by tunci
Edited (12/13/2011) by tunci
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33. |
14 Dec 2011 Wed 08:14 pm |
bile - even,already
This is additive connective which means "even, already" , and it
- Ben bile bunu yapamam ---> Even I can not do this.
- Mektubu gönderdim bile --> I already sent the letter.
- Ev bile almış ---> He/She even bought a house.
- Sigarayı bıraktım bile ---> I already quit smoking.
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34. |
14 Dec 2011 Wed 08:47 pm |
Sometimes adjectival phrases which are parts of indefinite noun phrases can be placed in the position following the predicate.
*Masada bir kalemim vardı ucu kırık.
I had a pen on the table , which its end broken.
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* Bu bahçede bir çiçek vardır hoş kokulu.
There is a flower in this garden which is odorous.[which has beautiful smell]
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* Okulda bir kız vardı melek yüzlü.
There was a girl at school who had an angel face. [angelic face]
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* Bu mahallede bir ev vardı yeşil boyalı.
There was a house in this neighbourhood which its painted in green. [in green]
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35. |
15 Dec 2011 Thu 02:21 pm |
Most of the time Loan Words breaks the rules of Vowel Harmony.
Masum
Kalem
Lobi
Mürâcaat
Tesekkür
Vilayet
etc.....
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36. |
15 Dec 2011 Thu 04:25 pm |
There are some Nouns that are derived from Verbs by taking -Ga,-Gı.
[ Deverbal Nominal ]
Verb stem + Ge,Ga, Gı, Gi,Gu,Gü
Bil [to know] + ge = [Bilge] --> Wise [person]
Al [to take] + gı = [Algı] -----> Sense, feeling
Gör [to see] + gü = [Görgü] ---> Good manners
Sev [to love] + gi = [Sevgi] ----> Love,affection
Der [ to gather] + gi = [Dergi] ---> Magazine
Ser [ to lay,to spread out] + gi = [Sergi] = exhibition,display
Bil [to know] + gi = [Bilgi] ---->Data, Info.
Ör [to knit] + gü = [Örgü] ----->Knitting
Sor [ to ask] + gu = [Sorgu] ----->inquiry
Sil [to erase,to rub] + gi = [Silgi] -----> Rubber, Eraser
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37. |
21 Dec 2011 Wed 01:34 am |
There are some Nouns that are derived from Verbs by taking -Ga,-Gı.
[ Deverbal Nominal ]
Verb stem + Ge,Ga, Gı, Gi,Gu,Gü
Bil [to know] + ge = [Bilge] --> Wise [person]
Al [to take] + gı = [Algı] -----> Sense, feeling
Gör [to see] + gü = [Görgü] ---> Good manners
Sev [to love] + gi = [Sevgi] ----> Love,affection
Der [ to gather] + gi = [Dergi] ---> Magazine
Ser [ to lay,to spread out] + gi = [Sergi] = exhibition,display
Bil [to know] + gi = [Bilgi] ---->Data, Info.
Ör [to knit] + gü = [Örgü] ----->Knitting
Sor [ to ask] + gu = [Sorgu] ----->inquiry
Sil [to erase,to rub] + gi = [Silgi] -----> Rubber, Eraser
It is nice to know a Turkish word and then discover how it is put together. It makes words easier to remember. The Turkish word for computer is Bilgisayer. From the above I guess it translates as "data it counts" or phrased better in English "it counts data"
Another word I came across that breaks down nicely like this is Ayakabiboyasi (shoe polish)or foot-cover paint.
I have a number of Turkish textbooks, but none of them make any emphasis on the breakdown of Turkish nouns into their constituent part meaning. For me it is something I have gradually been discovering as a student. I think teachers could set excersises for students to break down common nouns. This would help them to remember common words and guess a meaning of a new word by trying to work it out.
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