- mIş

-miş can be used to express amazement, admiration,suprise and things that you have just realized. Such as:

 When you see your friend´s car first time and you like it, you can say to him/her :

- Araban çok güzelmiş ! ---> Your car looks very nice !

 You are viewing a house and you find its rooms  big , you can say :

- Odalar genişmiş !  ---> The rooms are big !

- Bak kim gelmiş ! ---> Look who has come !

Your friend bought new shoes and you think they are good deal :

- Ucuzmuş !  ---> They are cheap ! [good deal !]

You´ve just started to learn Turkish and you find Turkish difficult. You say to your friend

Türkçe zor bir dilmiş ! ---> [I have just realized that ] Turkish is a difficult language !

Sabah olmuş ! --> We [I] have just realized that it is [the night turned into] morning.

Present progressive for aorist actions

Present progressive -iyor , can be used for aorist actions.

The difference between normal aorist and progressive aorist is :

If we have just gained a habit of doing something, it is expressed with progressive tense.

- Sabahları erken kalkıyorum. ---> I am getting up early in the mornings.

In the sentence above, what I am trying to say is I actually gained this habit recently/nowadays. Habit of  getting up early in the morning.

whereas :

- Sabahları erken kalkarım.  ---> I get up early in the mornings.

In this aorist sentence, it was always like that. In other words, I always and still get up early in the mornings. It is not actually a habit that I gained lately. It has been always like that.

Aorist for future actions

Sometimes, when we dont want to be specific or definite about the future actions, we use aorist. By doing that, what we actually say is , its not definite but we may[probably]  do it.

It is kind of  a way of softening the strictness of future promises, being more flexible and minimizing the possible disappointments of the other person, if we dont perform that action.

Yarın seni arayacağım. ---> I will  call you tomorrow.

Yarın seni ararım. --->  I am gonna give you a call  tomorrow [but I don´t promise ]

Aorist usage for past actions

This kind of usage is seen in stories , especially when telling the historic events.

Example :

Peyami Safa İstanbul´da doğdu. Meşhur şair İsmail Safa´nın oğludur. Düzenli bir öğrenim göremediğinden kendi kendisini yetiştirir. 13 yaşında hayata atılıp Posta Telgraf Nezaretinde çalışır. Öğretmenlik (1914-1918), gazetecilik (1918-1961) yapar. Hayatını yazıları ile kazanır.....

Peyami Safa was born in Istanbul. He is the son of famous poet İsmail Safa. Since he hadnt had a proper education, he improves his education by himself. When he was 13, he works at ministry of Post&Telgraph. He works as a teacher and journalist. He earns his life with his writings....

It makes me wonder - if we used present continuous tense (with -iyor suffix), would it make any sense in Turkish? Like below:

Peyami Safa İstanbul´da doğdu (...). Kendi kendisini yetiştiriyor. 13 yaşında hayata atılıp Posta Telgraf Nezaretinde çalışıyor.

For those two sentence it sounds bit weird using present continuous tense, Tomac.

Unless,  by little changes [adding past in the last sentence] it may sound ok.

Peyami Safa İstanbul´da doğdu. Meşhur şair İsmail Safa´nın oğludur. Düzenli bir öğrenim göremediğinden kendi kendisini yetiştiriyor, 13 yaşında hayata atılıp Posta Telgraf Nezaretinde çalışıyordu. Sonraları öğretmenlik (1914-1918), gazetecilik (1918-1961) yapıyor, hayatını yazıları ile kazanıyordu....

Many thanks for your explanation, Tunci.

kimi

The adjective ´´kimi´´is formed of  the pronoun kim + i [possessive suffix], 

possessive suffix is cliched in time and formed this adjective.

It is the Turkish equivalent of ´´bazı´´ [some]

kimi  zaman

kimi gün [ler]

kimi insan

If I want to be specific can I also use ´yorum´?

I always wonder why people use ´cağim´ and ´yorum´ interchangeably. 

Is this correct?

1. Endonezya’ya uğrayacağım.

2. Endonezya’ya uğruyorum   

3. Endonezya’ya uğrarım  

 If I use belki before 2 and 3 would all the meanings be the same?

Yes you can use present continuous. It is interchangable for future actions  like in English.

  My course is starting next week. = My course will start next week.

Haftaya kursum başlıyor. = Haftaya kursum başlayacak.

--------------------

1. Endonezya’ya uğrayacağım. ---> I will do short visit to Indonesia.

2. Endonezya’ya uğruyorum   ---> I am doing short visit to Indonesia. / I do short visit to Indonesia.

3. Endonezya’ya uğrarım   ---> I DO short visit to Indonesia.

Without context, those 3 sentences may NOT exactly say the same things.

´´Belki´´ fits perfectly  in the 3th sentence [aorist] and refers the future ---> I may do short visit to Indonesia.

However, ´´ belki ´´  with the second sentence  sounds weird since it is in present continuous tense.

yes that makes sense now. Thank you for your help!