Here comes another translation attempt from me:

1. The beautiful capital of Denmark, Copenhagen, is located in the Eastern Coast on a small island called Själland.

Danimarkanın güzel başkenti Kopenhag doğu kıyıda Själland adındaki küçük adada bulunuyor.

2. Every summer many ordinary tourists and young train travellers come to the city.

Her yaz birçok sıradan turist ile genç tren yolcular kente gelir.

3. Young travellers often accomodate in the camping place out of the city center.

Genç yolcular çoğu kez merkezten dışarıdaki kamp yerde konaklarlar.

4. In the very center there is a long prom and two big department stores.

Tam merkezde uzun bir gezinti yol ve iki büyük mağaza var.

5. The department stores attract hungry tourists, too, because there are fine restaurants there.

Büyük mağazalar, içindeki güzel lokantalar vardığı için, aç turistler çekler.

6. In one of the proms there are two old buildings: a tower and a house.

Gezinti yollardan birde iki eski yapılar var: bir kule be bir ev.

7. The high tower is an observatorium and in the old house which was built in 1628 there are many beautiful student appartments.

Yüksek kule bir gözlemevidir, ve 1628 yapılan evde birçok güzel öğrenci konut var.

8. The symbol of Copenhagen is the statue "Little Mermaid" which is situated close to the harbour.

Limanın yakında bulunan heykel "Küçük Denizkızı" Kopenhağın semboludur.

9. Copenhagen is famous of its amusement park "Tivoli" which was founded in 1843.

Kopenhag 1843 kurulan eğlence park "Tivoli" ile ünlüdür.

Thank you, si++. The result seems to be a couple of very serious handicaps plus a bunt of object faults which I understand as soon as I see them corrected.

Does anlatmak take a straight accusative object?

Teenage sentences:

1. If I was sick, I would stay at home all day.

Hasta olsaydım, bütün gün evde kalırdım.

2. I would watch TV, listen to music and read comics.

Televizyonu seyretirdim, müziğe dinlerdim, karikatür okurdum.

3. I would sleep for many hours.

Birçok saat uyurdum.

4. If I wasn´t too tired, I would do some homework.

Fazla yorgun olmasaydım ev ödeviyi yapardım.

5. I would call my friend and he would tell me about his day at school.

Arkadaşıma telefon ederdim, ve o onun okul günü hakkında anlatırdı.

6. We study for life, not for school.

Hayat için ve okul için değil çalışırız.

7. What is a good teacher like?

Bir iyi öğretmen nasıl?

8.The tests should be easy.

Sınavlar kolay olmalar lazım.

9.The teacher must pay attention to the students´ opinions.

Öğretmen öğrencilerin görüşleri dikkate almalı.

10.He must be able to explain things in a simple way.

Konuları yalın anlatmak bilmeli.

Thanks, all of you. Your help is amazing.

What you said about conditional actually meaning a future in the past, scalpel, is actually very interesting. I write fiction (in my own language, of course). When the story itself goes in the past tense and I want to refer into future from that point of time, I jump into conditional. Maybe there is something universal about it.

Sorry to bother you again, but is the main clause still in the past tense even if the beginning of the sentence is in the present tense? Hala genç olsam...

Just want to be sure.

I´m OK with sentences like

Herhangi bir soru varsa, rehberler size yardım edebilecekler.

where if-clause is modified with -se-/-sa- and expresses a condition or requirement for the thuthfulness of the main clause.

But how to produce a sentence where the main clause itself describes an unreal situation, a sort of daydreaming? Isn´t there any counterpart in Turkish for the English would? In other words if I wanted to write an essay under the headline Hala genç olsaydım... what would be the normal structure of the main clauses?

I hope I made myself clear.

Very clear. I appreciate it, si++!

Here´s another try:

1. Me and my brother got some money on our birthday.

Benimle erkek kardeşim doğum günümüzde para aldı.

2. My brother bought CD´s but I bought computer games.

Erkek kardeşim CD tekerler fakat ben bilgisayar oyunlar satın aldım.

3. The games were much more expensive than the CD´s.

Oyunlar tekerlerden çok daha pahalıdı.

4. I am interested in computers: I love to play and I make home pages for my friends.

Bilgisayarlara ilgi duyuyorum: oynamayı severim, arkadaşlara ana sayfalar yaparım.

1. In Finland June and July are usually warmer than May.

Finlandiya´da haziranla temmuz mayıstan daha sıcaktır.

2. Which is the warmest month?

Hangi ay en sıcak?

3. January is often colder than December.

Ocak sık sık aralıktan daha soğuktur.

4. February is the coldest month.

Şubat en soğuk aydır.

5. In Helsinki the day is 13 hours shorter on December 21st than on June 21st.

Helsinki´de gün 21 aralıkta 21 hazırandanki 13 saat daha kısadır.

6. On March 20th day and night are as long.

20 martta gecenle gün eşittir.

7. On May 17th day is at its longest in the north. The sun doesn´t set at all.

17 mayısta kuzeyde gün en uzundur. Güneş hiç batmaz.

Merhaba!

Thanks for the corrections, si++. After feeling ashamed for a while because of the stupidities that I wrote I think I also understood a couple of things:

1. I see a lot of these -(y)ip/-(y)ıp/(y)üp/(y)up -gerunds in Turkish sentences but for the first time I understood its use in multi-predicate structures.

2. Am I right if I assume -meli-/-malı- -marked necessity to be considered one of the tenses in Turkish grammar? I mean when it appears in a verb, there is no other tense mark in the same word?

3. What couldn´t understand is the order of suffixes in words like kal|mış|lar|dı, söyle|miş|ler|di, ağla|mış|lar|dı. Why isn´t the personal ending in the end, like in ye|miş|ti|m?

I´ll be back soon with some more sentences.

I´m not so sensitive, susan ahmet. (But I sure like your words. )

I was wondering how to practice until I found my son´s Swedish lessons. I guess these translation exercises can be used for learning Turkish as well...

The first series seems to be about pluperfect...no problem!

1. I had just eaten when Maria called and told about the camp.

Maria aradığı ve kamp hakkında anlattığı zaman hemen etmek etmiştim.

2. They had driven to Upsala and stayed there all week.

Onlar Upsala´ya sürmüştüler ve tüm  hafta orada kalmıştılar.

3. They had swum and gone to the sauna every day and sat by the campfire and sung every evening.

Her gün yüzmüştüler ve saunaya gitmiştiler, her akşam kamp ateşin yanında oturmuştular ve şarkı söylemiştiler.

4. Although some of them hadn´t felt comfortable in the beginning, everyone had cried in the last evening.

Biriler ilk önce geçinip gitmidiğileri halde, bütün son akşamda ağlamıştılar.

The other series is about shopping: 

1. Mrs. Jansson goes to the department store with her children and buys them some new clothes.

Bayan Jansson çocuklarısıyla büyük mağazaya gidiyor ve onlara yeni giyecekler satın alıyor.

2. Their old clothes are too small.

Onların eski giyecekler fazla küçüktür.

3. They look at trousers, jackets and blouses.

Pantolonlar, ceketler ve bluzlar izleyorlar.

4. They must try them on.

Onları uydurmalıyorlar.

5. Children prefer their old clothes.

Çocuklar eski giyecekleri daha çok beğeniyorlar.

I was uncertain about many things. Time to learn from mistakes.