Please note also that o as a personal pronoun in all its meanings is often dropped from a sentence. In my opinion this is the biggest difficulty for a learner once she tries to trip up units which are larger than sentences, i.e. texts. One misunderstanding two pages ago can really badly lead you astray.

I doubt that. The Turkish system of demonstrative pronouns is two-dimensional, it also takes into account where the attention of the listener is pointed. Adult-like use of demonstratives is one of the most difficult things for Turkish speaking children to learn.

But it is a good start.

No, on the contrary, I did not want to hurt you. I am forcing myself but I cannot do it with you because afterwards I feel really bad. I made the best decision I could for you. I know it was not very brilliant. The problem is there is no physical appeal between us. It is not the end of the world, you lived something and it is over. I did not cheat you about anything. I think it is better this way. Good bye.

İsmail YK, Şeytanın birisin

You have to know where to look.

D)

It is the future participle which looks exactly like a finite verb in the future tense.  But there is a difference which you analysed correctly, primaryovertone. The finite verb takes personal endings but the participle takes possessive suffixes. It shows well in the 2nd person:

ayrıl + acak + sın ‘you will leave’

ayrıl +acağ + ın + CASE ENDİNG ‘that you will leave’

The participle form is used in the indirect speech replacing the future reference finite verb of the corresponding direct speech.

Eşinden ayrılacağını duydum. ‘I heard (that) you will take a divorce.’

duymak governs accusative as you know. That is where the final –ı comes from.

-DIK- participle works exactly the same way in indirect speech. It is all about tenses: -AcAK- for future reference, -DIK- for any other tense. 

Yardımın için teşekkür ederim tunci.

The one grammar rule which until now I have no idea whatsoever of is the border between singular and plural of abstract and hyperonyme NP´s. Fortunately the wrong choice is not a fatal mistake most of the time.

We are preparing a small bilingual Powerpoint show about tulips for our exhibition in Turku. I might have some questions.

The headline should be something like

                          Laleler  -  Sultanların Çiçeği

I am uncertain about the use of singular and plural here. Lale or Laleler? Is it disturbing that çiçek is singular?

What is the rule about initial letters in headlines? Is capital letter used in the beginning only or in every word of the headline?

You certainly understand it has to be perfect.

beş yüzer lira (lira is the unit of measure)

beşer (tane) yüz lira (yüz lira is the unit of measure)

I could imagine a slight difference in meaning here. The donator who says he gave beşer yüz lira to each doesn´t want to make it sound like it was a big sum of money.

Just a guess from me.

I have a mission here.